<p>This work proposes a non-smooth tick-borne disease model with the application of repellents and acaricides in tick control: Acaricides are sprayed when the number of infected ticks surpasses a certain threshold, while repellents and treatment with medicine are applied for livestock when the number of infected livestock exceeds another threshold. A detailed analysis of the existence of sliding modes, pseudo-equilibria, and real or virtual endemic equilibria is given, and the global dynamics of the non-smooth system are studied. Moreover, we conclude that the utilization of repellents in conjunction with medical treatment can effectively reduce the numbers of infected ticks and livestock; the simultaneous implementation of three control strategies during the early stages of disease transmission can further decrease infection levels to a minimal extent; control measures may not effectively influence the final epidemic trend and could even result in adverse effects if thresholds are set too high; appropriate threshold selection can maintain predetermined infection levels, providing a feasible control strategy for outbreaks of tick-borne diseases that cannot be immediately eradicated.</p>

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Non-smooth dynamics of a tick-borne disease model with two-threshold control strategies

  • Ning Yu,
  • Xue Zhang

摘要

This work proposes a non-smooth tick-borne disease model with the application of repellents and acaricides in tick control: Acaricides are sprayed when the number of infected ticks surpasses a certain threshold, while repellents and treatment with medicine are applied for livestock when the number of infected livestock exceeds another threshold. A detailed analysis of the existence of sliding modes, pseudo-equilibria, and real or virtual endemic equilibria is given, and the global dynamics of the non-smooth system are studied. Moreover, we conclude that the utilization of repellents in conjunction with medical treatment can effectively reduce the numbers of infected ticks and livestock; the simultaneous implementation of three control strategies during the early stages of disease transmission can further decrease infection levels to a minimal extent; control measures may not effectively influence the final epidemic trend and could even result in adverse effects if thresholds are set too high; appropriate threshold selection can maintain predetermined infection levels, providing a feasible control strategy for outbreaks of tick-borne diseases that cannot be immediately eradicated.