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<p>To address the challenges of acoustic feedback and insufficient high-frequency gain in traditional hearing aids, piezoelectric floating mass transducers (PFMTs), a critical component of implantable middle ear hearing devices, have emerged as promising solutions due to their compact size, high efficiency, and low power consumption. This study aims to develop an electromechanical coupling model between the PFMT and the biomechanical subsystem of the middle ear. Validation with experimental data confirms the model’s accuracy in predicting stapes displacement under acoustic and electrical excitations. To further enhance the device’s performance, this study introduces shape memory alloy (SMA) materials for clip fabrication, allowing for an adjustable shape that accommodates anatomical variability. Numerical analysis was conducted to investigate the nonlinear dynamic response and stability of the stapes when driven by a PFMT in both normal and pathological ears. The results reveal that external excitation force, nonlinear stiffness and suspended mass significantly influence stapes motion stability, leading to transitions from periodic to subharmonic and chaotic vibrations under specific conditions. Key findings include the identification of optimal PFMT parameters that are critical for maintaining system stability, as well as the recommendation of SMA-based clips to enhance anatomical compatibility and reduce the risk of implantation failure. Through a comprehensive analysis of nonlinear dynamics and the establishment of a robust framework for PFMT optimization, this research advances hearing devices development, promoting more effective hearing restoration, improved patient safety, and enhanced adaptability to individual anatomical variations.</p>

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Nonlinear dynamic response and stability of the stapes driven by a floating mass type piezoelectric transducer with a nonlinear coupler

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月23日

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  • Yinxin Kou,
  • Houguang Liu,
  • Weiwei Guo,
  • Wei Chen,
  • Zhaohai Liu,
  • Jianshu Liu

摘要

To address the challenges of acoustic feedback and insufficient high-frequency gain in traditional hearing aids, piezoelectric floating mass transducers (PFMTs), a critical component of implantable middle ear hearing devices, have emerged as promising solutions due to their compact size, high efficiency, and low power consumption. This study aims to develop an electromechanical coupling model between the PFMT and the biomechanical subsystem of the middle ear. Validation with experimental data confirms the model’s accuracy in predicting stapes displacement under acoustic and electrical excitations. To further enhance the device’s performance, this study introduces shape memory alloy (SMA) materials for clip fabrication, allowing for an adjustable shape that accommodates anatomical variability. Numerical analysis was conducted to investigate the nonlinear dynamic response and stability of the stapes when driven by a PFMT in both normal and pathological ears. The results reveal that external excitation force, nonlinear stiffness and suspended mass significantly influence stapes motion stability, leading to transitions from periodic to subharmonic and chaotic vibrations under specific conditions. Key findings include the identification of optimal PFMT parameters that are critical for maintaining system stability, as well as the recommendation of SMA-based clips to enhance anatomical compatibility and reduce the risk of implantation failure. Through a comprehensive analysis of nonlinear dynamics and the establishment of a robust framework for PFMT optimization, this research advances hearing devices development, promoting more effective hearing restoration, improved patient safety, and enhanced adaptability to individual anatomical variations.