Novel image encryption algorithm using hybrid 3D-ICPCM and hessenberg decomposition

This study introduces a novel image encryption algorithm by combining the capabilities of a three-dimensional chaotic map (3D-ICPCM) and Hessenberg decomposition. By harnessing the Ikeda chaotic map and the Cosine polynomial chaotic map as seed maps, a new 3D chaotic map is developed, which becomes the pivotal element of the algorithm’s structure. The proposed method employs an approach to ensure robustness and security, integrating advanced methods of confusion and diffusion. Encryption involves three processes on image pixels: a bit-level confusion process using bit reversal and spiral permutation, and a diffusion process by applying the 3D-ICPCM sequence and Hessenberg decomposition for effective pixel value distribution. A series of comprehensive experiments were conducted to assess the proposed algorithm’s effectiveness. The subsequent research and comparative evaluations demonstrate that the proposed encryption system satisfies various security standards and surpasses the efficacy of recently introduced schemes.