Soliton colliding in hybrid glass photonic crystal fiber for optical transistor switching

This paper introduces a method for achieving tunable frequency conversion in the mid-infrared range, leading to the development of an optical gate circuit capable of selectively outputting three distinct frequencies for high switching efficiency. The process involves pumping a second-order soliton and a weak probe wave on either side of the zero-dispersion wavelength in an optical fiber. Nonlinear optical interactions result in four-wave mixing under certain conditions, leading to the generation of new spectral components in a hybrid glass photonic crystal fiber. By adjusting the center wavelength of the probe, the energy conversion efficiency and the maximum frequency shift induced by the soliton-probe interaction can be precisely controlled. This novel method of manipulating complex soliton dynamics via light-light interactions enables the construction of all-optical logic gates with advanced functionalities. Additionally, using the same mechanism, it is possible to observe tunable quasi-discrete supercontinuum formation with ultrashort pulse trains.