Control effects of electromagnetic induction on epileptic seizures

Studies have shown that pyramidal neurons are significant in regulating seizures. Based on this, we employ a modified corticothalamic model to investigate the effect of magnetic flow on seizures by adding magnetic flow to pyramidal neurons. We first separately explore the effect of the excitatory projection ( \(C_{\textrm{EIN}-\textrm{PY}}\) $C_{\text{EIN}-\text{PY}}$ ) from the excitatory interneurons (EIN) to the pyramidal neuronal population (PY), the inhibitory projection ( \(C_{\textrm{IN}-\textrm{PY}}\) $C_{\text{IN}-\text{PY}}$ ) from the inhibitory interneurons (IN) to PY, and the excitatory projection ( \(C_{\textrm{TC}-\textrm{PY}}\) $C_{\text{TC}-\text{PY}}$ ) from the thalamic relay nucleus (TC) to PY on the epilepsy under electromagnetic induction. The findings indicate that electromagnetic induction has two sides. On the one hand, the strong electromagnetic induction facilitates the elimination of seizures induced by pathways EIN–PY and IN–PY. On the other hand, for the seizures caused by pathway TC–PY, the electromagnetic induction triggers the system to shift from clonic seizures to spike and wave discharges (SWDs), meanwhile widens the spectrum of seizure manifestations. Furthermore, we use bifurcation analysis to obtain the dynamical mechanisms behind the transitions of discharge states, including fold limit cycle bifurcations, subcritical and supercritical Hopf bifurcations. It may provide insights into the significance of electromagnetic induction in the treatment of epilepsy.