Propagation dynamics of rotating high-order cosine-Gaussian array beams induced by initial cross phase

The propagation dynamics of the complex variable cosine-Gaussian cross-phase (CVCGCP) array beams in strongly nonlocal nonlinear media are researched based on the nonlocal nonlinear Schrödinger equation. Under the effect of cross-phase, the transverse mode of CVCGCP array beams changes periodically and rotates during propagation. Compared with higher-order temporal solitons in nonlinear optical fibers, CVCGCP array beams can be considered as a new form of higher-order spatial solitons. The expression of the optical field distribution for the propagation evolution of CVCGCP array beams is presented. According to the different parameters, three cases are studied in detail. The light intensity pattern, phase and statistical width of CVCGCP array beams are discussed and analyzed. The results show that CVCGCP array beams have rich transmission characteristics and can form a linear shape distribution, which has the practical application value. By selecting the parameters, the light intensity patterns can be repeated and controlled, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the light intensity patterns. The results of this paper enrich the types of higher-order spatial solitons, and also provide theoretical references for beam control and information transmission, etc.