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<p>Ground fissures in the Great Rift Valley pose significant risks to both linear infrastructure and community safety. As the most renowned intra-plate rift and the largest graben zone globally, the Great Rift Valley’s unique geological setting presents novel challenges for ground fissure research. In this study, we systematically investigate the spatiotemporal distribution, classification, and evolution of ground fissures in the central Kenyan Rift. Using an integrated approach combining field investigations, remote sensing interpretation, drone surveys, geophysical exploration and trenching, the main findings are as follows, (1) eighty-three ground fissures are primarily distributed in flat areas with sparse contour lines and gentle slopes, the frequency of these fissures has markedly increased since 1973; (2) ground fissures in the study area can be categorized into two types: nontectonic and tectonic; (3) the nontectonic fissures primarily arise from surface runoff, rutting, and drainage channels, and are all triggered by hydraulic erosion; (4) tectonic fissures developed on the hanging wall of normal faults indicate exposed secondary fault traces, while those within pyroclastic rock fracture zones stem from expansions of crustal magma chambers; (5) the ground fissures are characterized by their similarity, seasonality, variability, and repeatability, reflecting the interplay of climate change, tectonic activities, and human engineering endeavors. This comprehensive study not only enhances our grasp of ground fissure dynamics but also underscores the critical need for tailored mitigation strategies to safeguard infrastructure and human and livestock well-being in this geologically dynamic region.</p>

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Characteristics, evolution pattern and disaster responses of ground fissures in the Great Rift Valley, Kenya

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月18日

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  • Zhijie Jia,
  • Penghui Ma,
  • Quanzhong Lu,
  • Weiliang Huang,
  • Jianqi Zhuang,
  • Xinghua Zhu,
  • Yanqiu Leng,
  • Feiyong Wang,
  • Ming He,
  • Jianbing Peng

摘要

Ground fissures in the Great Rift Valley pose significant risks to both linear infrastructure and community safety. As the most renowned intra-plate rift and the largest graben zone globally, the Great Rift Valley’s unique geological setting presents novel challenges for ground fissure research. In this study, we systematically investigate the spatiotemporal distribution, classification, and evolution of ground fissures in the central Kenyan Rift. Using an integrated approach combining field investigations, remote sensing interpretation, drone surveys, geophysical exploration and trenching, the main findings are as follows, (1) eighty-three ground fissures are primarily distributed in flat areas with sparse contour lines and gentle slopes, the frequency of these fissures has markedly increased since 1973; (2) ground fissures in the study area can be categorized into two types: nontectonic and tectonic; (3) the nontectonic fissures primarily arise from surface runoff, rutting, and drainage channels, and are all triggered by hydraulic erosion; (4) tectonic fissures developed on the hanging wall of normal faults indicate exposed secondary fault traces, while those within pyroclastic rock fracture zones stem from expansions of crustal magma chambers; (5) the ground fissures are characterized by their similarity, seasonality, variability, and repeatability, reflecting the interplay of climate change, tectonic activities, and human engineering endeavors. This comprehensive study not only enhances our grasp of ground fissure dynamics but also underscores the critical need for tailored mitigation strategies to safeguard infrastructure and human and livestock well-being in this geologically dynamic region.