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<p>Himachal Pradesh relies heavily on tourism for economic growth across the districts, which face significant disaster risks. The growing tourism demand necessitates effective spatial planning, achievable through a tourism vulnerability assessment informed by multiple indicators. Presently, there is limited literature on comprehensive methodologies to identify these indicators and assess their relative contribution in tourism vulnerability mapping. This study evaluates district-wise tourism vulnerability and ranks the 12 districts of Himachal Pradesh. The objectives include compiling a set of indicators from existing literature for multi-criteria classification and determining indicator weights using expert judgment. The indicators are grouped into three components: exposure (land use land cover, natural hazards, slope, digital elevation model, normalized difference vegetation index, and tourism demand); sensitivity (forest area, net sown area, gross state domestic product, water availability, population density, and marginal workers); and adaptive capacity (tourism destination, electricity availability, road density, medical facilities, accommodation, and telecommunication). The Analytic Hierarchy Process was applied to derive weights of each indicator through a pairwise comparison matrix. GIS-based weighted overlay analysis was used to generate district-wise vulnerability maps. Results identify Shimla (4.17%), Chamba (4.08%), and Kullu (3.72%) as the most vulnerable districts to tourism growth, whereas Hamirpur (0.43%), Bilaspur (0.54%), Una (0.80%), and Lahaul and Spiti (0.41%) show comparatively lower vulnerability. Although previous studies have mapped topographical, socio-economic, and climate-related vulnerabilities at regional scale, this study contributes a district-wise tourism vulnerability assessment for Himachal Pradesh. The findings would support district administrations in developing frameworks for emergency preparedness, risk reduction, and tourism planning interventions to effectively mitigate vulnerability.</p>

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Methodological approach to assess tourism vulnerability in Himachal Pradesh, India using RS and GIS

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月13日

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  • Keerti Manisha

摘要

Himachal Pradesh relies heavily on tourism for economic growth across the districts, which face significant disaster risks. The growing tourism demand necessitates effective spatial planning, achievable through a tourism vulnerability assessment informed by multiple indicators. Presently, there is limited literature on comprehensive methodologies to identify these indicators and assess their relative contribution in tourism vulnerability mapping. This study evaluates district-wise tourism vulnerability and ranks the 12 districts of Himachal Pradesh. The objectives include compiling a set of indicators from existing literature for multi-criteria classification and determining indicator weights using expert judgment. The indicators are grouped into three components: exposure (land use land cover, natural hazards, slope, digital elevation model, normalized difference vegetation index, and tourism demand); sensitivity (forest area, net sown area, gross state domestic product, water availability, population density, and marginal workers); and adaptive capacity (tourism destination, electricity availability, road density, medical facilities, accommodation, and telecommunication). The Analytic Hierarchy Process was applied to derive weights of each indicator through a pairwise comparison matrix. GIS-based weighted overlay analysis was used to generate district-wise vulnerability maps. Results identify Shimla (4.17%), Chamba (4.08%), and Kullu (3.72%) as the most vulnerable districts to tourism growth, whereas Hamirpur (0.43%), Bilaspur (0.54%), Una (0.80%), and Lahaul and Spiti (0.41%) show comparatively lower vulnerability. Although previous studies have mapped topographical, socio-economic, and climate-related vulnerabilities at regional scale, this study contributes a district-wise tourism vulnerability assessment for Himachal Pradesh. The findings would support district administrations in developing frameworks for emergency preparedness, risk reduction, and tourism planning interventions to effectively mitigate vulnerability.