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<p>Post-disaster reconstruction decisions fundamentally shape long-term community trajectories, yet comparative research on different reconstruction models remains limited. This study addresses a core question: How does the choice between relocation and in-situ reconstruction influence multidimensional community resilience over time? Using Beichuan County (complete relocation) and Yingxiu Town (in-situ reconstruction) as comparative cases fifteen years after China’s 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, we employed questionnaire surveys (n = 473), field observations, and official statistics to assess community development across five dimensions: physical environment, economic development, social networks, family life, and mental health. Results reveal that neither reconstruction model achieves uniformly superior outcomes. Relocation reconstruction demonstrates advantages in physical environment (standardized score: 0.954 vs. 0.351) and economic development (0.823 vs. 0.275), while in-situ reconstruction exhibits relative strengths in social network maintenance (0.713 vs. 0.583) and mental health (0.691 vs. 0.625). Each model generates distinct long-term risk profiles: relocated communities face persistent challenges in social integration and community identity formation, while in-situ communities confront economic vulnerability stemming from limited industrial diversification and persistent geological hazards. These findings support a contingency perspective on reconstruction decisions, demonstrating that optimal choices depend on systematic assessment of local geological, social, economic, and cultural conditions rather than universal prescriptions. We propose a "mode compensation" policy framework that acknowledges inherent trade-offs of each approach and systematically addresses predictable weaknesses through targeted interventions. This study contributes to disaster recovery theory by providing empirical evidence for context-sensitive reconstruction planning in disaster-prone regions.</p>

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An investigation of resilient community recovery and potential future risks in the long-term development period after major disasters: a case study from China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月7日

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  • Gao Yinan,
  • Rajib Shaw

摘要

Post-disaster reconstruction decisions fundamentally shape long-term community trajectories, yet comparative research on different reconstruction models remains limited. This study addresses a core question: How does the choice between relocation and in-situ reconstruction influence multidimensional community resilience over time? Using Beichuan County (complete relocation) and Yingxiu Town (in-situ reconstruction) as comparative cases fifteen years after China’s 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake, we employed questionnaire surveys (n = 473), field observations, and official statistics to assess community development across five dimensions: physical environment, economic development, social networks, family life, and mental health. Results reveal that neither reconstruction model achieves uniformly superior outcomes. Relocation reconstruction demonstrates advantages in physical environment (standardized score: 0.954 vs. 0.351) and economic development (0.823 vs. 0.275), while in-situ reconstruction exhibits relative strengths in social network maintenance (0.713 vs. 0.583) and mental health (0.691 vs. 0.625). Each model generates distinct long-term risk profiles: relocated communities face persistent challenges in social integration and community identity formation, while in-situ communities confront economic vulnerability stemming from limited industrial diversification and persistent geological hazards. These findings support a contingency perspective on reconstruction decisions, demonstrating that optimal choices depend on systematic assessment of local geological, social, economic, and cultural conditions rather than universal prescriptions. We propose a "mode compensation" policy framework that acknowledges inherent trade-offs of each approach and systematically addresses predictable weaknesses through targeted interventions. This study contributes to disaster recovery theory by providing empirical evidence for context-sensitive reconstruction planning in disaster-prone regions.