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<p>This study presents a comprehensive regional analysis of nonseismic sea-level oscillations at tsunami timescales (NSLOTTs) along the Australian coastlines. High-resolution (1-min) sea level records from 13 tide gauges, each with at least 15 years of data, were analysed to quantify the intensity and variability of NSLOTTs. NSLOTT ranges were estimated to surpass 0.6&#xa0;m in extreme cases at several stations along the western coastline, exceeding the tidal range at these stations, suggesting their significant contribution to associated coastal hazards in these areas. Spectral analysis revealed similar energy distribution among neighbouring stations and stronger event-to-background amplification than globally. The spatial variability in synoptic settings connected to the intense NSLOTT events was observed, with pronounced jet streams, thermal fronts and pressure gradients at mid-latitude stations and absence of large-scale systems at tropical and subtropical stations. An intense NSLOTT event in May 2020 was observed across the northern station, two consecutive NSLOTT events in December 2023 hit the southern stations, while the event related to the Tropical Cyclone Seroja was recorded across the western coastline in April 2021. Wavelet analysis has shown west-to-east propagation for the former events, while the latter exhibited a NW-SE track. A few days before Seroja landfall, an atmospheric river taking the moisture from the tropical cyclone also generated intense NSLOTTs along the southwestern coastline. Satellite imagery confirmed the presence of intense convective systems during all NSLOTT events, yet sometimes being lagged or travelling remotely, indicating either generation of edge waves travelling alongshore, reflection of long ocean waves along the shelf edge or infragravity waves reaching and being amplified at the shelf. These findings emphasize the diverse atmospheric and oceanic mechanisms driving NSLOTTs across different climatic zones of Australia and underscore their potential impact on coastal environments, particularly in regions where they are close to exceed tidal signals.</p>

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Nonseismic high-frequency sea level oscillations along the Australian coastlines

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月25日

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  • P. Zemunik Selak,
  • I. Vilibić,
  • A. Radovan,
  • P. Pranić,
  • I. Vrdoljak,
  • S. Medak

摘要

This study presents a comprehensive regional analysis of nonseismic sea-level oscillations at tsunami timescales (NSLOTTs) along the Australian coastlines. High-resolution (1-min) sea level records from 13 tide gauges, each with at least 15 years of data, were analysed to quantify the intensity and variability of NSLOTTs. NSLOTT ranges were estimated to surpass 0.6 m in extreme cases at several stations along the western coastline, exceeding the tidal range at these stations, suggesting their significant contribution to associated coastal hazards in these areas. Spectral analysis revealed similar energy distribution among neighbouring stations and stronger event-to-background amplification than globally. The spatial variability in synoptic settings connected to the intense NSLOTT events was observed, with pronounced jet streams, thermal fronts and pressure gradients at mid-latitude stations and absence of large-scale systems at tropical and subtropical stations. An intense NSLOTT event in May 2020 was observed across the northern station, two consecutive NSLOTT events in December 2023 hit the southern stations, while the event related to the Tropical Cyclone Seroja was recorded across the western coastline in April 2021. Wavelet analysis has shown west-to-east propagation for the former events, while the latter exhibited a NW-SE track. A few days before Seroja landfall, an atmospheric river taking the moisture from the tropical cyclone also generated intense NSLOTTs along the southwestern coastline. Satellite imagery confirmed the presence of intense convective systems during all NSLOTT events, yet sometimes being lagged or travelling remotely, indicating either generation of edge waves travelling alongshore, reflection of long ocean waves along the shelf edge or infragravity waves reaching and being amplified at the shelf. These findings emphasize the diverse atmospheric and oceanic mechanisms driving NSLOTTs across different climatic zones of Australia and underscore their potential impact on coastal environments, particularly in regions where they are close to exceed tidal signals.