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<p>High-fill engineered landslides challenge infrastructure safety in mountainous regions, characterized by the progressive deformation of the fill body under its own weight and external triggers. Utilizing 163 ascending and 134 descending Sentinel-1 images spanning from 2018 to 2023, this study investigated a landslide at Panzhihua Airport, Southwest China, within a multi-orbit Time-Series InSAR framework. This methodology innovatively combines multi-orbit LOS (Line of Sight) deformation retrieval through InSAR processing, 2D deformation vector decomposition (vertical + slope-parallel directions), and spatiotemporal correlation analysis with geological structure and rainfall patterns. Results show: (i) The average LOS deformation rates in the airport area are 3.58 mm/year for the runway and − 1.37 mm/year for surrounding buildings, indicating stability; while, in the landslide area, the deformation rates decrease to − 37.07 mm/year and − 12.75 mm/year, suggesting active sliding.(ii) Deformation in the landslide area was spatially heterogeneous, characterized by vertical settlement at the rear (max. 45.3 mm/year) and horizontal displacement at the front (max. 53.61 mm/year) of the fill body. (iii) The displacement time series reveals a clear correlation between vertical deformation and rainfall. Across the four declining phases, landslide movement demonstrates strong rainfall coupling, with Spearman's correlation coefficients exceeding 0.5 in most monitored areas. These findings provide valuable insights for managing secondary deformation risks in large-scale fill slopes and contribute to early warning system development in similar geo-engineering contexts.</p>

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InSAR-based deformation monitoring of high-fill engineered landslides: a case study at Panzhihua Airport, Southwest China

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月25日

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  • Yangwei Yu,
  • Mengshi Yang,
  • Menghua Li,
  • Cheng Huang,
  • Zhifang Zhao

摘要

High-fill engineered landslides challenge infrastructure safety in mountainous regions, characterized by the progressive deformation of the fill body under its own weight and external triggers. Utilizing 163 ascending and 134 descending Sentinel-1 images spanning from 2018 to 2023, this study investigated a landslide at Panzhihua Airport, Southwest China, within a multi-orbit Time-Series InSAR framework. This methodology innovatively combines multi-orbit LOS (Line of Sight) deformation retrieval through InSAR processing, 2D deformation vector decomposition (vertical + slope-parallel directions), and spatiotemporal correlation analysis with geological structure and rainfall patterns. Results show: (i) The average LOS deformation rates in the airport area are 3.58 mm/year for the runway and − 1.37 mm/year for surrounding buildings, indicating stability; while, in the landslide area, the deformation rates decrease to − 37.07 mm/year and − 12.75 mm/year, suggesting active sliding.(ii) Deformation in the landslide area was spatially heterogeneous, characterized by vertical settlement at the rear (max. 45.3 mm/year) and horizontal displacement at the front (max. 53.61 mm/year) of the fill body. (iii) The displacement time series reveals a clear correlation between vertical deformation and rainfall. Across the four declining phases, landslide movement demonstrates strong rainfall coupling, with Spearman's correlation coefficients exceeding 0.5 in most monitored areas. These findings provide valuable insights for managing secondary deformation risks in large-scale fill slopes and contribute to early warning system development in similar geo-engineering contexts.