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<p>Schools are one of the critical infrastructures that are damaged every year due to floods globally. Consequently, it adversely impacts on students' performance, safety and the education system of the countries. This study aims to develop a GIS-based framework to assess school exposure to flooding scenarios. The framework is adopted in Bihar, India which is one of the devastating flood affected regions of India, and at the same time, school dropout, illiteracy makes the constraint of education development. The workflow follows three steps: (1) generating flood scenarios; (2) school exposure mapping, and (3) further, its hot spot analysis. The study develops three flood susceptible scenarios for different depths (i.e. below 1.5&#xa0;m, 1.5 to 3&#xa0;m, and above 3&#xa0;m) through integration of Google Earth Engine and Geo AI. The school’s database includes locations of 2100 schools, which are generated from multiple open data sources like Google Earth, Open Street Maps, my maps, and government reports. The finding shows that almost 20% areas have a high possibility of flood with more than 3-meter m whereas the flood with depth below 1.5&#xa0;m and 1.5 to 3&#xa0;m have possibility to occur over more than 30% of the region. Although maximum schools are located within low susceptible areas, 43 schools need special safety measures as these are located within critical zones of flood with more than 3&#xa0;m depth. Study also indicates these 43 schools are also exposed to flood with shallow and moderate depth. Further, hot spot and cold spot analysis indicate the significant spatial association among the exposed schools. Our study is hoped to help decision making to generate resilient education infrastructure within the hotspot locations. The modelling framework is also scalable in many floods’ prone regions of the world.</p>

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Developing a framework for assessment of the school’s exposure to flood-depth scenarios: a case study of Darbhanga, Bihar, India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • Chandrakanta Bishui,
  • Somnath Bera,
  • Shivam Priyadarshi,
  • Pritha Ghosh,
  • Kshitij Dahal

摘要

Schools are one of the critical infrastructures that are damaged every year due to floods globally. Consequently, it adversely impacts on students' performance, safety and the education system of the countries. This study aims to develop a GIS-based framework to assess school exposure to flooding scenarios. The framework is adopted in Bihar, India which is one of the devastating flood affected regions of India, and at the same time, school dropout, illiteracy makes the constraint of education development. The workflow follows three steps: (1) generating flood scenarios; (2) school exposure mapping, and (3) further, its hot spot analysis. The study develops three flood susceptible scenarios for different depths (i.e. below 1.5 m, 1.5 to 3 m, and above 3 m) through integration of Google Earth Engine and Geo AI. The school’s database includes locations of 2100 schools, which are generated from multiple open data sources like Google Earth, Open Street Maps, my maps, and government reports. The finding shows that almost 20% areas have a high possibility of flood with more than 3-meter m whereas the flood with depth below 1.5 m and 1.5 to 3 m have possibility to occur over more than 30% of the region. Although maximum schools are located within low susceptible areas, 43 schools need special safety measures as these are located within critical zones of flood with more than 3 m depth. Study also indicates these 43 schools are also exposed to flood with shallow and moderate depth. Further, hot spot and cold spot analysis indicate the significant spatial association among the exposed schools. Our study is hoped to help decision making to generate resilient education infrastructure within the hotspot locations. The modelling framework is also scalable in many floods’ prone regions of the world.