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<p>Tsunami risk assessment is crucial for coastal communities, but quantitatively evaluating a nation’s tsunami vulnerability, and preparedness levels is challenging due to the intangible elements of this aspect. This study offers a novel proxy measurement method for assessing the tsunami preparedness of the nations through a reference country approach. The reference country is chosen as Japan according to the rationales based on its exemplary preparedness strategies against tsunamis and results of global-level analysis performed on the historical tsunami events and their outcomes. A proxy index, representing tsunami awareness and preparedness is developed using 39 indicators gathered from global statistical datasets grouped into administrative, educational, and socio-economic domains. The indicators are normalized, and principal component analysis is applied to remove multicollinearity. The Euclidean distance between 52 tsunami-prone country and Japan is calculated to determine their similarity yielding a value scaled from 1 to 10 for each country. This proxy index calculation provides valuable insights on the importance of robust governance, strong public education, and resilient economic systems for effective disaster management and offers a practical measurement method to approach relatively intangible aspects such as human vulnerability, awareness and preparedness for any kind of natural hazards including tsunamis.</p>

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Evaluating tsunami preparedness worldwide: a proxy index using Japan as a reference

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月21日

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  • Duygu Tufekci-Enginar,
  • Mehmet Lutfi Suzen,
  • Ahmet Cevdet Yalciner

摘要

Tsunami risk assessment is crucial for coastal communities, but quantitatively evaluating a nation’s tsunami vulnerability, and preparedness levels is challenging due to the intangible elements of this aspect. This study offers a novel proxy measurement method for assessing the tsunami preparedness of the nations through a reference country approach. The reference country is chosen as Japan according to the rationales based on its exemplary preparedness strategies against tsunamis and results of global-level analysis performed on the historical tsunami events and their outcomes. A proxy index, representing tsunami awareness and preparedness is developed using 39 indicators gathered from global statistical datasets grouped into administrative, educational, and socio-economic domains. The indicators are normalized, and principal component analysis is applied to remove multicollinearity. The Euclidean distance between 52 tsunami-prone country and Japan is calculated to determine their similarity yielding a value scaled from 1 to 10 for each country. This proxy index calculation provides valuable insights on the importance of robust governance, strong public education, and resilient economic systems for effective disaster management and offers a practical measurement method to approach relatively intangible aspects such as human vulnerability, awareness and preparedness for any kind of natural hazards including tsunamis.