<p>With the intensification of global climate change, the increasing frequency and severity of extreme weather events pose serious challenges to human society. Countries around the world are actively seeking specific measures to address climate risks, and green innovation, through improving energy efficiency and reducing greenhouse gas emissions, may contribute to mitigating climate risks. This article conducts a statistical analysis using Chinese provincial-level data of 31 provinces and Municipalities spanning from 2010 to 2021 to explore the impact of green innovation on physical climate risks. The research findings indicate that green innovation, represented by green invention patents and green utility model patents, can significantly alleviate climate risks. Green innovation mitigates climate risks through two channels: reducing carbon emission intensity and enhancing the efficiency of energy utilization. This effect is particularly pronounced in provinces located in earthquake-prone areas, inland provinces, and provinces with slower economic development. Based on the conclusions, this research implies to Chinese policymakers and enterprises that funding green technology research, investing in green infrastructure, and international cooperation on green technologies are essential strategies for effectively mitigating climate risks.</p>