Research on the supply point mechanism of Shanghai during the closure of COVID-19 in 2022 from the perspective of urban resilience

In the context of significant public emergencies, the capacity of cities to withstand shocks assumes paramount importance, serving as a key indicator of urban resilience. This study focuses on the supply points established during the lockdown period of Shanghai in 2022 in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. In this investigation, the actual distribution of the population is depicted using a thermodynamic map generated from cell phone usage data, while the per capita supply capacity and the intensity of supply coverage are assessed using an official list. Furthermore, the efficacy of the supply point is evaluated through a public survey. Through these combined analyses, the level of "Supply Resilience" is assessed and categorized for each district of Shanghai. The findings indicate a high level of supply resilience in the central city, with varying degrees of divergence observed in the near suburban districts and generally lower resilience in the remote suburban districts. Based on these observations, this research identifies and discusses the supply challenges exposed during the epidemic lockdown in Shanghai and proposes strategies to enhance the urban resilience in the future. Leveraging both data analysis and public survey, this study aims to offer approaches and methodologies for evaluating urban resilience under major public emergencies.