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<p>This study aims to reveal the evolution patterns and optimization pathways of air route network structures in China's four major economic circle airport clusters. Based on the theory of complex networks, an in-depth analysis is conducted of the route network structure and evolution of China’s four major economic circle airport clusters, which are the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Chengdu-Chongqing regions. By constructing route network models for 2010, 2019, and 2023, the network topology characteristics of the airport clusters are studied, including the basic statistical indicators, centrality indicators, and isomorphism indicators. The study found that the route networks of the four major airport clusters experienced significant growth in the number of nodes and edges between 2010 and 2019, with the Yangtze River Delta and Chengdu-Chongqing airport clusters showing the most remarkable expansion. Degree distribution analysis revealed that all four airport clusters followed a power-law distribution, with an average shortest path of 2.0–2.2, close to the 1.8–2.0 range of major European airport clusters but superior to the decentralized networks of developing countries. The Yangtze River Delta airport cluster had the highest average degree and clustering coefficient, indicating the densest route network, while the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei airport cluster maintained a long-term lead in centrality, underscoring its pivotal role in China’s domestic route network and its function as a “bridge”. According to the 2023 isomorphism analysis of China’s four major airport clusters, the Chengdu-Chongqing airport cluster exhibited significantly higher similarity than its international counterparts due to redundant construction caused by competition for route resources among its airports. The study recommends optimizing the route network structures of airport clusters, promoting differentiated division of labor, and drawing on international experience to address homogenized competition and enhance overall efficiency.</p>

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Route Network of China’s Four Major Airport Clusters Based on Complex Networks: Topological Characteristics and Evolutionary Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月23日

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  • Yan Zhang,
  • Fei Dai,
  • Jinghua Shi

摘要

This study aims to reveal the evolution patterns and optimization pathways of air route network structures in China's four major economic circle airport clusters. Based on the theory of complex networks, an in-depth analysis is conducted of the route network structure and evolution of China’s four major economic circle airport clusters, which are the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Chengdu-Chongqing regions. By constructing route network models for 2010, 2019, and 2023, the network topology characteristics of the airport clusters are studied, including the basic statistical indicators, centrality indicators, and isomorphism indicators. The study found that the route networks of the four major airport clusters experienced significant growth in the number of nodes and edges between 2010 and 2019, with the Yangtze River Delta and Chengdu-Chongqing airport clusters showing the most remarkable expansion. Degree distribution analysis revealed that all four airport clusters followed a power-law distribution, with an average shortest path of 2.0–2.2, close to the 1.8–2.0 range of major European airport clusters but superior to the decentralized networks of developing countries. The Yangtze River Delta airport cluster had the highest average degree and clustering coefficient, indicating the densest route network, while the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei airport cluster maintained a long-term lead in centrality, underscoring its pivotal role in China’s domestic route network and its function as a “bridge”. According to the 2023 isomorphism analysis of China’s four major airport clusters, the Chengdu-Chongqing airport cluster exhibited significantly higher similarity than its international counterparts due to redundant construction caused by competition for route resources among its airports. The study recommends optimizing the route network structures of airport clusters, promoting differentiated division of labor, and drawing on international experience to address homogenized competition and enhance overall efficiency.