<p>The demand for renewable and sustainable energy sources has been driving research into the potential of forest biomass. In this context, this study evaluated the impact of planting spacing on the anatomy and basic density of <i>Tachigali vulgaris</i> wood, a native species of Eastern Amazonia with potential for bioenergy. The research was conducted in Almeirim, Pará, and included six different planting spacings (4.5, 6.0, 7.5, 9.0, 10.5, and 12m<sup>2</sup>). The analyzed properties were vessel grouping, vessel frequency, tangential diameter of vessel lumens, vessel element length, height and frequency of rays, fiber length and diameter, lumen diameter, and basic density. An average wood basic density of 0.615&#xa0;g cm<sup>− 3</sup> was found, with no significant influence from planting spacing. However, significant differences were observed among spacings for fiber length (highest at 6.0 m<sup>2</sup> – 1393.73&#xa0;μm) and vessel frequency (highest at 6 m<sup>2</sup> – 5.42 n.mm<sup>− 2</sup>). <i>T. vulgaris</i> exhibits suitable anatomical and basic density characteristics for bioenergy purposes, especially for thermochemical conversion. The 9.0 m<sup>2</sup> planting spacing achieved the highest average wood basic density and optimized fiber length and vessel frequency, both relevant for producing high-quality charcoal. Characterizing <i>T. vulgaris</i> wood across different planting spacings offers valuable insights for sustainable species management and its utilization in bioenergy production, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation.</p>

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Planted forests of Tachigali vulgaris in Eastern Amazonia: how spacing affects the anatomical variations and wood density

  • Rafaela Patrícia da Silva Ceretta,
  • Jonathan Dias Marques,
  • Michael Douglas Roque Lima,
  • Gabriel de Assis-Pereira,
  • Marcela Gomes da Silva,
  • Delman de Almeida Gonçalves,
  • Lina Bufalino,
  • Mario Tomazello-Filho,
  • Thiago de Paula Protásio

摘要

The demand for renewable and sustainable energy sources has been driving research into the potential of forest biomass. In this context, this study evaluated the impact of planting spacing on the anatomy and basic density of Tachigali vulgaris wood, a native species of Eastern Amazonia with potential for bioenergy. The research was conducted in Almeirim, Pará, and included six different planting spacings (4.5, 6.0, 7.5, 9.0, 10.5, and 12m2). The analyzed properties were vessel grouping, vessel frequency, tangential diameter of vessel lumens, vessel element length, height and frequency of rays, fiber length and diameter, lumen diameter, and basic density. An average wood basic density of 0.615 g cm− 3 was found, with no significant influence from planting spacing. However, significant differences were observed among spacings for fiber length (highest at 6.0 m2 – 1393.73 μm) and vessel frequency (highest at 6 m2 – 5.42 n.mm− 2). T. vulgaris exhibits suitable anatomical and basic density characteristics for bioenergy purposes, especially for thermochemical conversion. The 9.0 m2 planting spacing achieved the highest average wood basic density and optimized fiber length and vessel frequency, both relevant for producing high-quality charcoal. Characterizing T. vulgaris wood across different planting spacings offers valuable insights for sustainable species management and its utilization in bioenergy production, thereby contributing to climate change mitigation.