<p>The Stroop test is one of the most frequently used test paradigms for investigating cognitive control functions in humans. Previous studies have indicated that the Stroop effect is caused by interference at both the sensory level and the response selection level, though how each type of conflict influences the components of event-related potentials recorded during test performance remains unclear. The study reported here examined the association of the P300, N450, and late positive complex components with different types of conflict. Data recorded from 31 channels from 41 healthy subjects aged 18–55 years were analyzed in the classic and reverse Stroop tests, with discrimination of interference types. The results indicate that the P300 component reflects conflict at the motor response level in both test types, while the N450 component reflects conflict at the sensory level and general conflict in the classic test, as well as general conflict in the reverse test, and the late positive complex is associated with general conflict in the classic test and all types of conflict in the reverse test.</p>