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<p>Alzheimer’s disease (AD), one of the leading causes of dementia worldwide, is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a long presymptomatic period and the development of slowly progressive cognitive impairment. The growing number of patients diagnosed with AD and the socioeconomic consequences of this pathology create the conditions for the active search for and implementation of accessible methods for managing the disease in clinical practice. Improving early diagnostic methods for AD is a key research area. This will enable therapeutic intervention at pre-dementia stages and the prevention of subsequent irreversible progressive degeneration of neuronal structures. Diagnosis of AD is based on a combination of clinical data, neuroimaging methods, and analysis of a spectrum of biological markers in the cerebrospinal fluid. However, application of this laboratory investigation in clinical practice is limited because of the inaccessibility and invasiveness of the procedure. Thus, research into biomarkers in the blood represents a promising approach to diagnosis. This literature review examines data on traditional blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD from the perspective of our current understanding of the pathogenesis of AD and summarizes the results of studies reported to date on less well studied blood biomarkers for AD which may have diagnostic potential for developing cost-effective and accessible biomarkers for preclinical diagnostics.</p>

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A New Look at Blood Biomarkers in Patients with Alzheimer’s Disease

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月27日

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  • A. N. Bogolepova,
  • E. A. Kovalenko,
  • E. A. Gileva,
  • E. V. Makhnovich,
  • A. D. Gasilova,
  • D. I. Skvortsov

摘要

Alzheimer’s disease (AD), one of the leading causes of dementia worldwide, is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by a long presymptomatic period and the development of slowly progressive cognitive impairment. The growing number of patients diagnosed with AD and the socioeconomic consequences of this pathology create the conditions for the active search for and implementation of accessible methods for managing the disease in clinical practice. Improving early diagnostic methods for AD is a key research area. This will enable therapeutic intervention at pre-dementia stages and the prevention of subsequent irreversible progressive degeneration of neuronal structures. Diagnosis of AD is based on a combination of clinical data, neuroimaging methods, and analysis of a spectrum of biological markers in the cerebrospinal fluid. However, application of this laboratory investigation in clinical practice is limited because of the inaccessibility and invasiveness of the procedure. Thus, research into biomarkers in the blood represents a promising approach to diagnosis. This literature review examines data on traditional blood biomarkers for the diagnosis of AD from the perspective of our current understanding of the pathogenesis of AD and summarizes the results of studies reported to date on less well studied blood biomarkers for AD which may have diagnostic potential for developing cost-effective and accessible biomarkers for preclinical diagnostics.