<p>The aim of this study was to apply a blind source separation algorithm to event-related potentials in the GO/NOGO test to isolate latent components of cognitive control in humans and to identify the characteristics of cognitive control in elite athletes. For this purpose, 19-channel EEG recordings were made in two groups of participants: students and highly qualified athletes. The greatest between-group differences were seen in two latent components and were associated with greater neural activity in athletes. The first component was generated in the premotor cortex and was responsible for preparing the motor response. The second component was generated in the anterior cingulate gyrus and was associated with the process of monitoring the action. The use of neuromodulation methods to enhance cognitive control in athletes is discussed.</p>