<p>Epileptic seizures (ES) are defined as transient period of abnormal, excessive synchronous activity of neurons in the brain, which can be provoked or unprovoked. While unprovoked seizures are observed in many idiopathic epilepsies, provoked seizures are usually caused by acute or chronic diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). These often include cerebrovascular diseases such as ischemic stroke, intracerebral and subdural hemorrhages, posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, and cerebral venous sinus thrombosis. Other less common processes that can provoke ES should also be noted, such as infections, infl ammatory processes in the CNS, systemic metabolic disorders (hypo/hyperglycemia, hypo/hypernatremia, hypocalcemia), alcohol intoxication, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and their withdrawal syndromes. Stroke is one of the most frequent causes of provoked ES and the development of epilepsy in elderly individuals. ES shortly after a stroke can lead to increased oxidative stress and cell death, leading to increases in infarct size and, consequently, adverse functional outcomes. This review describes the epidemiology, risk factors, clinical presentation, biomarkers, and treatment of symptomatic seizures in patients with acute cerebrovascular disease.</p>