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<p><b>Objective.</b> To systematize data on the role of monocytes in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). <b>Materials and methods.</b> An analysis of 46 scientific publications (1990–2024) on the involvement of monocytes in the pathogenesis of EAE and MS was conducted. <b>Results.</b> Monocytes were shown to play significant roles in both the development and maintenance of autoimmune neuroinflammation. Monocytes penetrate the central nervous system (CNS) through the blood–brain barrier, produce proinflammatory cytokines, differentiate into macrophages/dendritic cells, and activate CD4<sup>+</sup> T-lymphocytes. Changes in both the quantitative and functional characteristics of monocytes have been demonstrated in MS. <b>Conclusions.</b> Monocytes take part in all stages of the immunopathogenesis of EAE and MS and have significant roles in mediating autoimmune demyelination in the CNS, and can therefore be regarded as a potential therapeutic target in MS.</p>

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The Role of Monocytes in the Immunopathogenesis of Multiple Sclerosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月26日

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  • R. R. Zhetishev,
  • A. V. Lopatina,
  • A. A. Sviridova,
  • M. V. Melnikov

摘要

Objective. To systematize data on the role of monocytes in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Materials and methods. An analysis of 46 scientific publications (1990–2024) on the involvement of monocytes in the pathogenesis of EAE and MS was conducted. Results. Monocytes were shown to play significant roles in both the development and maintenance of autoimmune neuroinflammation. Monocytes penetrate the central nervous system (CNS) through the blood–brain barrier, produce proinflammatory cytokines, differentiate into macrophages/dendritic cells, and activate CD4+ T-lymphocytes. Changes in both the quantitative and functional characteristics of monocytes have been demonstrated in MS. Conclusions. Monocytes take part in all stages of the immunopathogenesis of EAE and MS and have significant roles in mediating autoimmune demyelination in the CNS, and can therefore be regarded as a potential therapeutic target in MS.