<p>The regional specificity of the cerebral support of behavior in solving the problem of discriminating short time intervals was analyzed from the point of view of the systems-evolutionary approach. A “Yes–No” method was used to discriminate short time intervals (<i>N</i> = 10 subjects, who learned to discriminate short time intervals during the study). Analysis of 19 brain EEG leads by cluster and factor analysis identified two groups of brain leads: frontal-central and parietal-occipital. The isolated components of event-related potentials (ERP) were shown to have a common configuration, which is consistent with concepts regarding the brain-wide nature of behavior. Differences between the groups of leads were in their amplitude-temporal characteristics. Thus, the systemic psychophysiological significance of the regional specificity of brain processes is discussed.</p>