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<p><b>Objectives.</b> To compare the clinical and psychological characteristics of boys and girls with ADHD at different age periods. <b>Materials and methods.</b> A screening study analyzed the outpatient records of 1430 children with ADHD; two age groups were identified – 872 children with ADHD aged 7–8 years and 558 adolescents with ADHD aged 13–14 years. The control group consisted of 60 girls without psychoneurological pathology (30 aged 7–8 years and 30 aged 13–14 years). The following research methods were used in the work: the SNAP-IY scale to assess the severity of the disorder, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to assess emotional and behavioral disorders, and the Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (CMAS). <b>Results.</b> The ratio of boys to girls in the study group as a whole was 3:1. In the younger age subgroup of children with ADHD, the gender ratio was 3.8:1, and in the older subgroup, 2.2:1. Assessment of the manifestations ADHD showed that at age 7–8 years, boys and girls with ADHD were characterized by approximately the same level of inattention, while girls had lower rates of hyperactivity and impulsivity. In the older age group, girls showed reductions in inattention and hyperactivity without significant changes in impulsivity. The disorder in girls, both in primary school and adolescence, was predominantly mild. Assessment of emotional and behavioral disorders in the younger age group showed that the total score on the SDQ scale and the scores on the “general assessment of difficulties,” “emotional disorders,” and “difficulties in relationships with peers” subscales were significantly higher in boys with ADHD. Girls were also characterized by better results on the “prosocial orientation of behavior” subscale. <b>Conclusions.</b> Evaluation of the manifestations of ADHD showed that at age 7–8 years, boys and girls with ADHD were characterized by approximately the same level of inattention, while girls had lower rates of hyperactivity and impulsivity. The disorder in girls, both in primary school and adolescence, was predominantly mild. The ratio of boys to girls with ADHD-I, with a predominance of inattention, was significantly lower as compared with other types of ADHD. Girls with ADHD were characterized by less severe behavioral problems and a greater degree of prosocial behavior, while a high level of anxiety in adolescent girls with ADHD was of note.</p>

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Gender Aspects of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月1日

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  • L. S. Chutko,
  • S. Yu. Surushkina,
  • E. A. Yakovenko,
  • T. I. Anisimova,
  • A. V. Sergeev,
  • D. V. Cherednichenko,
  • M. D. Didur

摘要

Objectives. To compare the clinical and psychological characteristics of boys and girls with ADHD at different age periods. Materials and methods. A screening study analyzed the outpatient records of 1430 children with ADHD; two age groups were identified – 872 children with ADHD aged 7–8 years and 558 adolescents with ADHD aged 13–14 years. The control group consisted of 60 girls without psychoneurological pathology (30 aged 7–8 years and 30 aged 13–14 years). The following research methods were used in the work: the SNAP-IY scale to assess the severity of the disorder, the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) to assess emotional and behavioral disorders, and the Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (CMAS). Results. The ratio of boys to girls in the study group as a whole was 3:1. In the younger age subgroup of children with ADHD, the gender ratio was 3.8:1, and in the older subgroup, 2.2:1. Assessment of the manifestations ADHD showed that at age 7–8 years, boys and girls with ADHD were characterized by approximately the same level of inattention, while girls had lower rates of hyperactivity and impulsivity. In the older age group, girls showed reductions in inattention and hyperactivity without significant changes in impulsivity. The disorder in girls, both in primary school and adolescence, was predominantly mild. Assessment of emotional and behavioral disorders in the younger age group showed that the total score on the SDQ scale and the scores on the “general assessment of difficulties,” “emotional disorders,” and “difficulties in relationships with peers” subscales were significantly higher in boys with ADHD. Girls were also characterized by better results on the “prosocial orientation of behavior” subscale. Conclusions. Evaluation of the manifestations of ADHD showed that at age 7–8 years, boys and girls with ADHD were characterized by approximately the same level of inattention, while girls had lower rates of hyperactivity and impulsivity. The disorder in girls, both in primary school and adolescence, was predominantly mild. The ratio of boys to girls with ADHD-I, with a predominance of inattention, was significantly lower as compared with other types of ADHD. Girls with ADHD were characterized by less severe behavioral problems and a greater degree of prosocial behavior, while a high level of anxiety in adolescent girls with ADHD was of note.