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<p>Mental disorders are complex diseases with multifactorial etiology, including genetic and environmental components. This review focuses on cell models derived from the olfactory epithelium as a promising tool for studying the molecular mechanisms of mental disorders. Cell lines suitable for identifying potential biomarkers for and pathogenetic mechanisms of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and Alzheimer’s disease are discussed. The advantages of these models include preservation of epigenetic modifications, the ability to study intercellular interactions, and their nature as personalized studies. Particular attention is paid to modern analytical methods, such as single-cell RNA sequencing and DNA methylation analysis, as well as non-invasive methods for obtaining cellular material. The use of these models opens up new prospects for the development of personalized therapeutic approaches and optimization of existing treatment regimens for mental disorders.</p>

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Neuronal Models Based on Olfactory Epithelial Cells in Studies of the Pathogenesis of Mental Disorders

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月1日

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  • A. O. Kurishev,
  • V. E. Golimbet

摘要

Mental disorders are complex diseases with multifactorial etiology, including genetic and environmental components. This review focuses on cell models derived from the olfactory epithelium as a promising tool for studying the molecular mechanisms of mental disorders. Cell lines suitable for identifying potential biomarkers for and pathogenetic mechanisms of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and Alzheimer’s disease are discussed. The advantages of these models include preservation of epigenetic modifications, the ability to study intercellular interactions, and their nature as personalized studies. Particular attention is paid to modern analytical methods, such as single-cell RNA sequencing and DNA methylation analysis, as well as non-invasive methods for obtaining cellular material. The use of these models opens up new prospects for the development of personalized therapeutic approaches and optimization of existing treatment regimens for mental disorders.