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<p><b>Objective</b>. To show that MRI morphometry (MRIM) and laboratory biomarkers are promising methods for early detection of progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (PMS). <b>Materials and methods.</b> A total of 81 patients with MS were examined; all underwent MRI morphology (MRIM); serum levels of neurofilament light chains (sNFL), phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chains (spNFH), and acidic glial fibrillary protein (sGFAP) were estimated by enzyme immunoassay in 60 patients. <b>Results</b>. Negative correlations were found between the volumes of certain brain structures and disease duration, EDSS scores, the 25-foot walking test, and the nine-peg test; positive correlations were found with performance on the symbol-digit modalities test and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale. Patients with MS had smaller volumes of cerebral gray matter, cerebellar white matter, the occipital lobes, caudate nucleus, hippocampus, globus pallidus, thalamus, and nucleus accumbens. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume greater than 15.06% predicted progression of MS with a sensitivity of 77.78% and a specificity of 70.18% (CI 54.79–91%). Patients receiving MS disease-modifying drugs had larger thalamic volumes (Me 1.09% [1.06; 1.16] vs. 1.04% [0.95; 1.14]; <i>p</i> = 0.02) and smaller CSF volumes (13.86 ± 2.87% vs. 15.55 ± 3.49%; <i>p</i> = 0.03). sNFL and spNFH levels did not increase in PMS or during exacerbations, while low sNFL levels indicated that the method has low sensitivity. There were trends (<i>p</i> = 0.374) towards increased sGFAP in patients with PMS (Me 3.2 ng/ml [1.85; 4.6]) as compared with relapsing-remitting MS (2.05 [1.29; 4.52] ng/ml). <b>Conclusions</b>. The results obtained point to differences in the volumes of brain damage in patients with different types of MS and emphasize the importance of long-term follow-up for more accurate assessment of disease progression.</p>

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Potential of Magnetic Resonance Morphometry and Laboratory Biomarkers in Investigations of the Progression of Multiple Sclerosis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年1月1日

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  • V. A. Malko,
  • E. A. Sadovnichuk,
  • A. S. Lepekhina,
  • G. N. Bisaga,
  • M. P. Topuzova,
  • T. V. Shchukina,
  • N. V. Dryagina,
  • A. Yu. Efimtsev,
  • T. M. Alekseeva

摘要

Objective. To show that MRI morphometry (MRIM) and laboratory biomarkers are promising methods for early detection of progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (PMS). Materials and methods. A total of 81 patients with MS were examined; all underwent MRI morphology (MRIM); serum levels of neurofilament light chains (sNFL), phosphorylated neurofilament heavy chains (spNFH), and acidic glial fibrillary protein (sGFAP) were estimated by enzyme immunoassay in 60 patients. Results. Negative correlations were found between the volumes of certain brain structures and disease duration, EDSS scores, the 25-foot walking test, and the nine-peg test; positive correlations were found with performance on the symbol-digit modalities test and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale. Patients with MS had smaller volumes of cerebral gray matter, cerebellar white matter, the occipital lobes, caudate nucleus, hippocampus, globus pallidus, thalamus, and nucleus accumbens. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) volume greater than 15.06% predicted progression of MS with a sensitivity of 77.78% and a specificity of 70.18% (CI 54.79–91%). Patients receiving MS disease-modifying drugs had larger thalamic volumes (Me 1.09% [1.06; 1.16] vs. 1.04% [0.95; 1.14]; p = 0.02) and smaller CSF volumes (13.86 ± 2.87% vs. 15.55 ± 3.49%; p = 0.03). sNFL and spNFH levels did not increase in PMS or during exacerbations, while low sNFL levels indicated that the method has low sensitivity. There were trends (p = 0.374) towards increased sGFAP in patients with PMS (Me 3.2 ng/ml [1.85; 4.6]) as compared with relapsing-remitting MS (2.05 [1.29; 4.52] ng/ml). Conclusions. The results obtained point to differences in the volumes of brain damage in patients with different types of MS and emphasize the importance of long-term follow-up for more accurate assessment of disease progression.