Sleep Disorders and Oncological Diseases

In the context of the increasing prevalence of cancer, there is importance in studying the neurological symptoms and signs associated with neoplasms and the treatment provided for them. The pandemic of the novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) and social factors have contributed to an increase in the number of patients suffering from insomnia, which is an unfavorable prognostic factor for neoplasms. This review presents the risk factors for and mechanisms of sleep disorders and their relationships with inflammation and immune system dysfunction in cancer. In particular, dysfunction of the melatoninergic system as a risk factor for the development of insomnia and cancer is discussed. The relevance of developing measures aimed at rehabilitating patients with the aim of restoring normal sleep, which plays a fundamental role in maintaining human mental and physical health, is emphasized.