The Secretome of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells as a New Hope in the Treatment of Acute Brain Tissue Injuries

Ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, traumatic brain injury, bacterial and viral encephalitis, and toxic and metabolic encephalopathies are different pathologies. However, they have much more in common than might be apparent at first glance. In this review, the authors address these cerebral pathologies from the point of view of the unity of their pathogenetic mechanisms and approaches to therapy. Particular attention is paid to promising therapeutic approaches such as therapy using cells and their secretion products: the review analyzes the accumulated experimental data and the advantages and limitations of these approaches in the treatment of brain damage. This review may be of interest both to specialists in neurology, neurosurgery, and neurorehabilitation, and to readers who want to learn more about the progress of regenerative biomedicine in the treatment of cerebral pathologies.