<p>The hydrogeological conditions of coal measure strata influence the gas content of coal seams, coalbed methane (CBM) enrichment characteristics, and the engineering of drainage and production in CBM extraction. This paper analyzes the geochemical characteristics of deep CBM well drainage water in the Shenfu area, presents a zonal study on hydrodynamics, explores the impact of hydrogeological factors on the enrichment of CBM, and reveals the pattern of deep CBM enrichment and accumulation. Through the produced-water model and drainage data analysis from CBM wells, the water production behavior of deep coal reservoirs was examined. The findings demonstrate that the chemical type of the coal measures formation water was largely CaCl₂ type, with a small part being NaHCO₃ type. The high total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium–chlorine coefficient of about 0.5, desulfurization coefficient lower than 1, and metamorphism coefficient greater than 5 regions have strong CBM containment, advantageous to the conservation of CBM; the maximum gas content can reach up to 22.5 m³/t. The TDS in the shallow fault-step zone was generally less than 4000&#xa0;mg/L, the sodium–chlorine coefficient ranged 1.05–1.48, and the gas content was lower than that in the eastern slope zone, the low-amplitude anticline belt, and the western gentle zone. Fluid potential analysis revealed that groundwater flows from west to east, forming two retention zones in the northwest and southwest, with significantly higher gas content than runoff zones. This paper puts forward two CBM enrichment and accumulation models: the “hydrodynamic and caprock-controlled type in the gentle western zone” and the “structural controlled type of the eastern fault-step zone.” Through the examination of the water production model and production drainage data, the regularities of two water production characteristics, namely low-yield and high-yield water production, are summarized.</p>