<p>This study investigated the relationship between flow units and sequence stratigraphy in the upper Dalan and Kangan Formations of the South Pars gas field. Reservoir flow units were characterized using a combination of core poroperm (porosity–permeability) data, mercury injection capillary pressure results, and thin-section petrography from five wells. Based on the stratigraphic modified Lorenz plot method, the reservoir was divided into ten distinct zones. However, pore-throat radius analysis revealed substantial internal variation, emphasizing the high heterogeneity within these zones. By applying the normalized cumulative reservoir quality index (NCRQI) and normalized cumulative permeability plot techniques, 20 flow units were identified and classified into high-speed, baffle, and barrier types. Integration of these flow units with the sequence stratigraphic framework revealed a genetic link between flow unit development and depositional sequences, including key stratigraphic surfaces—highlighting the stratigraphic control on flow units. Correlation of flow units between the wells within the sequence stratigraphic context revealed that, while the reservoir rock exhibited significant vertical heterogeneity in porosity and permeability, lateral variation was minimal and displayed a layer-cake architecture. High-speed flow units occur in the studied formations, primarily within oolitic grainstones that have undergone dissolution and dolomitization. These units developed at specific stratigraphic positions within the KS2 and KS4 sequences. Furthermore, the study confirmed that the NCRQI method is effective for delineating fine-scale flow units and provides valuable insight into the depositional control on well productivity. Among the identified sequences, the KS4 sequence contributes most significantly to production in the field.</p>

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Linking Flow Units to Sequence Stratigraphy in the Permian–Triassic Carbonate Reservoir of the South Pars Gas Field, Iran

  • Behrooz Esrafili-Dizaji

摘要

This study investigated the relationship between flow units and sequence stratigraphy in the upper Dalan and Kangan Formations of the South Pars gas field. Reservoir flow units were characterized using a combination of core poroperm (porosity–permeability) data, mercury injection capillary pressure results, and thin-section petrography from five wells. Based on the stratigraphic modified Lorenz plot method, the reservoir was divided into ten distinct zones. However, pore-throat radius analysis revealed substantial internal variation, emphasizing the high heterogeneity within these zones. By applying the normalized cumulative reservoir quality index (NCRQI) and normalized cumulative permeability plot techniques, 20 flow units were identified and classified into high-speed, baffle, and barrier types. Integration of these flow units with the sequence stratigraphic framework revealed a genetic link between flow unit development and depositional sequences, including key stratigraphic surfaces—highlighting the stratigraphic control on flow units. Correlation of flow units between the wells within the sequence stratigraphic context revealed that, while the reservoir rock exhibited significant vertical heterogeneity in porosity and permeability, lateral variation was minimal and displayed a layer-cake architecture. High-speed flow units occur in the studied formations, primarily within oolitic grainstones that have undergone dissolution and dolomitization. These units developed at specific stratigraphic positions within the KS2 and KS4 sequences. Furthermore, the study confirmed that the NCRQI method is effective for delineating fine-scale flow units and provides valuable insight into the depositional control on well productivity. Among the identified sequences, the KS4 sequence contributes most significantly to production in the field.