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<p>Two-dimensional carbon-based polymer nanocomposites are emerging as a highly promising class of advanced materials, offering superior mechanical and thermal performance through synergistic interactions between polymer matrices and nanofillers. Their effectiveness largely depends on interface engineering, which integrates structural design, controlled synthesis, surface functionalization, and detailed interface characterization of nanostructures such as GNPs, graphene, CNTs, MXenes, and CNFs. Chemical functionalization with agents like APTES, dopamine, and GPTMS has proven effective in enhancing physical, chemical, and thermal properties by exploiting the high surface area, thermal stability, and tuneable surface chemistry of these nanofillers. This strategy enables the development of lightweight, high-strength, wear-resistant, and low-friction composites with potential applications in automotive and sports sectors, including body panels, chassis, batteries, brakes, and interior components. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in understanding nanoparticle–matrix and filler–filler interactions, clarifying load-transfer mechanisms, and evaluating load-bearing capacities. Recent experimental progress, particularly the use of dual-probe ultrasonication for uniform dispersion, has further elucidated reinforcement mechanisms. A systematic review of academic and industrial efforts underscores the potential of these materials not only in structural reinforcement but also in noise and vibration reduction, positioning them as key enablers of next-generation engineering components.</p>

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Ultrasonication-assisted 2D carbon/polymer nanocomposites for the improvement of mechanical and thermal performance in lightweight material applications

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月24日

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  • Sandeep Kumar Singh

摘要

Two-dimensional carbon-based polymer nanocomposites are emerging as a highly promising class of advanced materials, offering superior mechanical and thermal performance through synergistic interactions between polymer matrices and nanofillers. Their effectiveness largely depends on interface engineering, which integrates structural design, controlled synthesis, surface functionalization, and detailed interface characterization of nanostructures such as GNPs, graphene, CNTs, MXenes, and CNFs. Chemical functionalization with agents like APTES, dopamine, and GPTMS has proven effective in enhancing physical, chemical, and thermal properties by exploiting the high surface area, thermal stability, and tuneable surface chemistry of these nanofillers. This strategy enables the development of lightweight, high-strength, wear-resistant, and low-friction composites with potential applications in automotive and sports sectors, including body panels, chassis, batteries, brakes, and interior components. Despite these advancements, challenges remain in understanding nanoparticle–matrix and filler–filler interactions, clarifying load-transfer mechanisms, and evaluating load-bearing capacities. Recent experimental progress, particularly the use of dual-probe ultrasonication for uniform dispersion, has further elucidated reinforcement mechanisms. A systematic review of academic and industrial efforts underscores the potential of these materials not only in structural reinforcement but also in noise and vibration reduction, positioning them as key enablers of next-generation engineering components.