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<p>Nanomaterials have been associated with adverse effects on human health due to structural alterations following cellular internalization. However, from a therapeutic perspective, they offer advantages for cancer treatment by inhibiting processes such as cell division, motility, and invasion, which are key functions regulated by the cytoskeleton. Based on that, we aimed to examine the potential impact of titanium dioxide nanofibers (TiO<sub>2</sub>-NF) on the cytoskeleton disruption and their effects on cell and nuclear morphology, motility, cell cycle, and mitotic index in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Results showed that TiO<sub>2</sub>-NF exposure (1, 10, or 50&#xa0;μg/cm<sup>2</sup> TiO<sub>2</sub>-NF for 24&#xa0;h) increased cell granularity and reduced cell size, consistent with nanofiber uptake. The cytoskeletal architecture was markedly disrupted, as evidenced by alterations in both the actin and microtubule networks associated with impaired cell motility. TiO<sub>2</sub>-NF predominantly accumulated near the nuclei, leading to their deformation and a slight increase in the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase, which was accompanied by an increased mitotic index. These structural disruptions were also associated with impaired cell motility and cell cycle progression. The findings of this study highlight the potential usage of TiO<sub>2</sub>-NF as a candidate for targeted cytoskeleton-based cancer therapy in lung adenocarcinoma cells.</p>

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Titanium dioxide nanofibers decreased lung cell motility associated with cytoskeleton disruption: a potential therapeutic strategy

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月9日

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  • Octavio Ispanixtlahuatl-Meráz,
  • Alejandro Déciga-Alcaraz,
  • Estefany I. Medina-Reyes,
  • Alejandro A. Zagal-Salinas,
  • Yolanda I. Chirino

摘要

Nanomaterials have been associated with adverse effects on human health due to structural alterations following cellular internalization. However, from a therapeutic perspective, they offer advantages for cancer treatment by inhibiting processes such as cell division, motility, and invasion, which are key functions regulated by the cytoskeleton. Based on that, we aimed to examine the potential impact of titanium dioxide nanofibers (TiO2-NF) on the cytoskeleton disruption and their effects on cell and nuclear morphology, motility, cell cycle, and mitotic index in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Results showed that TiO2-NF exposure (1, 10, or 50 μg/cm2 TiO2-NF for 24 h) increased cell granularity and reduced cell size, consistent with nanofiber uptake. The cytoskeletal architecture was markedly disrupted, as evidenced by alterations in both the actin and microtubule networks associated with impaired cell motility. TiO2-NF predominantly accumulated near the nuclei, leading to their deformation and a slight increase in the proportion of cells in the G2/M phase, which was accompanied by an increased mitotic index. These structural disruptions were also associated with impaired cell motility and cell cycle progression. The findings of this study highlight the potential usage of TiO2-NF as a candidate for targeted cytoskeleton-based cancer therapy in lung adenocarcinoma cells.