<p>Green nanoparticles (GNPs), biosynthesized using environment-friendly means, are attractive candidates for enhancing plant productivity and boosting sustainable agriculture. The article discusses the significant benefits that green nanoparticles bring to plant health by enhancing their defense mechanisms. GNPs, derived from natural sources, can interact with plant cells, leading to the induction of a cascade of defense responses. Entry of GNPs in plant cells leads to activation pattern recognition receptors (PRRs), leading to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the subsequent activation of defense-related genes. In addition, GNPs also induce systemic acquired resistance (SAR) as well as induced systemic resistance (ISR), priming the plant for augmenting defense against a wide range of pathogens. Additionally, GNPs interact with plant hormone pathways, altering the levels of phytohormones, including salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, and ethylene, resulting in optimized immune response. Additionally, the current review also elucidates the advantages of using green nanoparticles to increase disease resistance, improve pest management, and advance sustainable agriculture, highlighting their edge over traditional methods. The article discusses the challenges of formulating green nanoparticles for their optimization to make them cost-effective and points out promising future directions in this field. Furthermore, the review focuses on the beneficial role of gold nanoparticles in protecting plants, including their role in the plant’s immune system. The present study also highlights the relation between systemic acquired resistance and induced systemic resistance and its role in prompting these plant responses.</p>