Au-based bimetallic nanoparticles: current biomedical applications

The rapidly developing field of nanomedicine presents new challenges for researchers. Existing, clinically used preparations based on metal nanoparticles still have their limitations. Consequently, scientific attention is shifting from well-studied monometallic to bimetallic nanoparticles, which combine a synergistic combination of different metals in their composition. This review examines promising gold-containing bimetallic nanoparticles for use in biomedicine. Gold (Au) is the most popular initial choice in bimetallic nanoparticle (BNPs) composition due to its biocompatibility. As two metals combine in one particle, it becomes possible to reduce systemic toxicity and significantly increase the therapeutic effect. We provide a comprehensive assessment of the advantages and limitations of bimetallic nanoparticles and discuss potential solutions to the problems that have hindered their development.