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<p>The emergence of elliptic curves for image encryption represents a significant innovation in cryptography due to their considerably reduced computational complexity and lightweight nature compared with conventional methods. Recently, it has been demonstrated that encryption methods incorporating elliptic curves over finite fields can offer a high level of security. Building on these properties, this paper presents a novel color image applied to the original image enciphering technique integrating widely recognized chaotic (the AJ, the logistic, and the skew tent maps), enhanced Vigenère and affine encryption techniques, along with elliptic curve cryptography. This integration is based on newly designed confusion and diffusion functions that exploit large pseudo-random substitution tables derived from elliptic curve operations. After vectorizing the original image, an initialization value is computed to initiate the encryption process. Next, the points on the elliptic curve are mapped through a correspondence table that links them to pixel positions to be encrypted, which determines the new position of the encrypted pixel. This position is further modterm, which render it indispensableified using the proposed confusion and diffusion functions, integrating the calculated initialization value. The same operation is then performed on the remaining pixels; however, in this case, the current pixel is scattered with the previous encrypted pixel. After the encryption process, a vector representing the encrypted image is obtained. The efficiency of the proposed method is evaluated on images of various sizes using histogram analysis, entropy measurements, and statistical and differential tests. For example, after encrypting the image Lena, a Unified Average Change Intensity (UACI) of 33.62 and a Pixel Change Rate (NPCR) of 99.79 are obtained. The mean entropy is also 7.9996. Moreover, the histograms produced for the encrypted color images are uniformly distributed, thereby confirming the robustness of the proposed approach against statistical and differential attacks and its significance as a reliable solution for securing sensitive data.</p>

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An innovative image encryption scheme combining Vigenere-Affine and elliptic curve over a finite body

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月9日

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  • Hamid El Bourakkadi,
  • Hassan Tabti,
  • Abdelhakim Chemlal,
  • Abdellah Abid,
  • Abdellatif Jarjar,
  • Abdelhamid Benazzi

摘要

The emergence of elliptic curves for image encryption represents a significant innovation in cryptography due to their considerably reduced computational complexity and lightweight nature compared with conventional methods. Recently, it has been demonstrated that encryption methods incorporating elliptic curves over finite fields can offer a high level of security. Building on these properties, this paper presents a novel color image applied to the original image enciphering technique integrating widely recognized chaotic (the AJ, the logistic, and the skew tent maps), enhanced Vigenère and affine encryption techniques, along with elliptic curve cryptography. This integration is based on newly designed confusion and diffusion functions that exploit large pseudo-random substitution tables derived from elliptic curve operations. After vectorizing the original image, an initialization value is computed to initiate the encryption process. Next, the points on the elliptic curve are mapped through a correspondence table that links them to pixel positions to be encrypted, which determines the new position of the encrypted pixel. This position is further modterm, which render it indispensableified using the proposed confusion and diffusion functions, integrating the calculated initialization value. The same operation is then performed on the remaining pixels; however, in this case, the current pixel is scattered with the previous encrypted pixel. After the encryption process, a vector representing the encrypted image is obtained. The efficiency of the proposed method is evaluated on images of various sizes using histogram analysis, entropy measurements, and statistical and differential tests. For example, after encrypting the image Lena, a Unified Average Change Intensity (UACI) of 33.62 and a Pixel Change Rate (NPCR) of 99.79 are obtained. The mean entropy is also 7.9996. Moreover, the histograms produced for the encrypted color images are uniformly distributed, thereby confirming the robustness of the proposed approach against statistical and differential attacks and its significance as a reliable solution for securing sensitive data.