A study of watermarking techniques for data publishing
摘要
In today’s digital era, data sharing is becoming an emerging trend. However, copying, manipulating, and distributing multimedia data over an open channel is easy. Watermarking is one of the most promising methods for copyright protection, tamper detection, and traitor tracing tasks. In the past decades, many diversified watermarking techniques have been created and are still developing, which entails various requirements and challenges. In this paper, we survey recent watermarking techniques on data publishing scenarios. The main contributions of this paper include: 1) We explain the classification methods and background knowledge of watermarking techniques, such as types of function, watermarking process, and basic concepts; 2) We primarily survey watermarking techniques for data publishing on different carriers, i.e., relational database, text, print and social media; 3) We give representation figures and detailed analysis tables for the essential researches; 4) Finally, it provides a discussion of future work according to analysis and observation of existing works. This survey allows researchers, users, and engineers to use efficient watermarking tools to secure published data.