<p>The area of brain-computer interface research is widely spreading as it has a diverse array of potential applications. Motor imagery classification is a boon to several people with motor impairment. Low accuracy and datasets with few trial recordings present challenges for this classification. This research offers a novel approach to these problems in electroencephalography signal classification for efficient control of neuroprosthetic devices. By using wavelet packet decomposition the proposed method divides the EEG signal into eight frequency bands. Each of these bands were then evaluated by a one-dimensional convolution neural network to find the most discriminative band. Only EEG signals filtered with these bands were used to generate time-frequency images called scalograms using complex Morlet transform. These scalograms were then classified using a two-dimensional convolution neural network optimized for spatial-temporal feature extraction and classification. To mitigate data scarcity, generative adversarial networks were used for effective data augmentation. Experimental evaluation on a benchmark dataset demonstrated substantial improvement: the two-dimensional convolution neural network achieved 93.63% accuracy, surpassing the 85% achieved by the one-dimensional convolution neural network baseline. Precision, recall, and F1-score metrics validated robust performance across motor imagery tasks. Comparative analysis with the latest methods underscored the proposed model’s superiority in accuracy and reliability. Using wavelet transformations, convolution neural network architectures, and generative adversarial network-driven data augmentation presented a promising framework for advancing brain-computer interface applications, particularly in enhancing neuroprosthetic device control.</p>