Heart disease prediction using machine learning, deep Learning and optimization techniques-A semantic review

Cardiovascular disease holds the position of being the foremost cause of death worldwide. Heart Disease Prediction (HDP) is a difficult task as it needs advanced knowledge with better experience. Moreover, it encounters numerous significant challenges in clinical data analysis. While many researchers have focused on predicting heart disease, the performance metric, namely prediction accuracy, remains suboptimal. The accurate HDP can help the person to prevent himself from life threats and at the same time, inaccurate prediction can prove to be fatal. To solve these issues, in this review work several Deep Learning (DL), Machine Learning (ML) and optimization based HDP techniques are discussed. In recent times, many researchers have been utilizing different DL and ML algorithms to help the professionals and health care industry for the prediction of heart disease. Further, it discussed about various optimization-based algorithms and its performance analysis. Therefore, this review paper suggests that the optimization-based HDP algorithm could assist doctors in predicting the occurrence of heart disease in advance and offering suitable treatment.