Automated approach to predict cerebral stroke based on fuzzy inference and convolutional neural network

Cerebral stroke indicates a neurological impairment caused by a localized injury to the central nervous system resulting from a diminished blood supply to the brain. Today, stroke stands as a global menace linked to the premature mortality of millions of people globally. Consequently, it is crucial to simulate how different risk factors impact the incidence of strokes and artificial intelligence is emerging as a suitable tool for achieving this goal. This study aims to construct dependable learning prediction models for stroke illness. The proposed approach can handle the inherent difficulty posed by a significant imbalance in classes, where the number of stroke patients is notably smaller compared to the healthy class. The study also provides a model based on an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system logic and convolutional neural networks (CNN) for accurate stroke prediction. An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system logic approach is adopted as it incorporates the capabilities of artificial intelligence and fuzzy inference, thereby having the potential to yield superior outcomes. The efficacy of the suggested method is extensively analyzed involving machine and deep learning classifiers and considering metrics relevant to encompass both the capacity for generalization and the accuracy in predicting. The proposed fuzzy-CNN model outperforms with the most considerable accuracy of 98.97% when using the original dataset, resampled dataset, and data imputation. K-fold cross-validation also shows superior results with an average accuracy of 99.6% for five folds.