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Background <p>Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress that severely restricts peanut (<i>Arachis hypogaea</i> L.) growth, yield, and quality. As peanut is highly sensitive to saline–alkaline conditions, identifying transcription factors involved in salt stress tolerance is of considerable importance. Dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) transcription factors are known regulators of abiotic stress responses; however, their functional roles in peanut remain poorly characterized.</p> Methods and results <p>In this study, the <i>AhDREB</i> gene, encoding a DREB transcription factor, was overexpressed in peanut to investigate its regulatory function under salt stress. Transgenic T1 lines (TA1-1, TA1-6, and TA1-10) were generated via <i>Agrobacterium</i>-mediated transformation and verified by PCR, RT-PCR, and Western blot analyses. Under salt stress (250 mM NaCl), <i>AhDREB</i> transcript levels increased by 3.39-, 3.27-, and 4.06-fold in TA1-1, TA1-6, and TA1-10, respectively, compared with non-stressed controls. The downstream osmolyte biosynthetic genes <i>AhP5CR</i> and <i>AhBADH</i> were significantly upregulated, with expression increases of 2.66–3.07-fold and 2.01–4.04-fold, respectively. Consistently, proline and glycine betaine contents were markedly elevated, reaching up to 9.71- and 9.37-fold higher levels in TA1-10 plants than in controls. Among the transgenic lines, TA1-10 exhibited the highest transcriptional activity and osmolyte accumulation.</p> Conclusions <p>These results demonstrate that <i>AhDREB</i> enhances salt tolerance in peanut by transcriptionally activating <i>AhP5CR</i> and <i>AhBADH</i>, thereby promoting osmolyte biosynthesis and improving osmotic adjustment under saline conditions. This study provides the first functional characterization of <i>AhDREB</i> as a novel transcription factor regulating salt stress responses in peanut.</p>

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A novel DREB transcription factor enhances salt tolerance in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) through upregulation of AhP5CR and AhBADH, leading to increased osmolyte accumulation

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月4日

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  • Thuy Thi Xuan Vi,
  • Linh Thi Dieu Nguyen,
  • Tuong Manh Ho,
  • Quan Huu Nguyen,
  • Lan Thi Ngoc Nguyen,
  • Mau Hoang Chu

摘要

Background

Soil salinity is a major abiotic stress that severely restricts peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) growth, yield, and quality. As peanut is highly sensitive to saline–alkaline conditions, identifying transcription factors involved in salt stress tolerance is of considerable importance. Dehydration-responsive element-binding (DREB) transcription factors are known regulators of abiotic stress responses; however, their functional roles in peanut remain poorly characterized.

Methods and results

In this study, the AhDREB gene, encoding a DREB transcription factor, was overexpressed in peanut to investigate its regulatory function under salt stress. Transgenic T1 lines (TA1-1, TA1-6, and TA1-10) were generated via Agrobacterium-mediated transformation and verified by PCR, RT-PCR, and Western blot analyses. Under salt stress (250 mM NaCl), AhDREB transcript levels increased by 3.39-, 3.27-, and 4.06-fold in TA1-1, TA1-6, and TA1-10, respectively, compared with non-stressed controls. The downstream osmolyte biosynthetic genes AhP5CR and AhBADH were significantly upregulated, with expression increases of 2.66–3.07-fold and 2.01–4.04-fold, respectively. Consistently, proline and glycine betaine contents were markedly elevated, reaching up to 9.71- and 9.37-fold higher levels in TA1-10 plants than in controls. Among the transgenic lines, TA1-10 exhibited the highest transcriptional activity and osmolyte accumulation.

Conclusions

These results demonstrate that AhDREB enhances salt tolerance in peanut by transcriptionally activating AhP5CR and AhBADH, thereby promoting osmolyte biosynthesis and improving osmotic adjustment under saline conditions. This study provides the first functional characterization of AhDREB as a novel transcription factor regulating salt stress responses in peanut.