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Introduction <p>Maternal Peripartum Depression (MPD) has been linked to health-related complications in offspring. We found that MPD induced in rat dams led to depressive-like behavior and cardiovascular changes in their offspring. Independently, the apelin/APJR system, composed of apelin and its receptor APJ (APJR), is widely expressed and plays a vital role in brain and heart health. Given the potential health impacts, we studied apelin and APJR mRNA expression in offspring of MPD-exposed Sprague-Dawley rat dams compared to controls.</p> Methods and results <p>The mRNA expression of apelin and the APJR was assessed in the cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and left ventricle collected from adolescents (postnatal day 48) and adults (postnatal day 225) offspring from MPD-exposed (male SOM; female SOF) and control dams (male COM, female COF). Results showed a significant interaction between MDP and sex in mRNA apelin expression in the medulla oblongata of adolescent offspring. Specifically, adolescent COM had higher apelin mRNA expression than adolescent SOM and adolescent COF in the medulla oblongata. Furthermore, MDP decreased apelin and APJR mRNA expression in the cerebellum and left ventricle in adolescent offspring. However, adult males had higher apelin mRNA expression in the medulla oblongata and left ventricle and lower APJR mRNA expression in the left ventricle.</p> Conclusions <p>Our results demonstrate a significant effect of MPD on apelin/APJR mRNA expression in the brains and hearts, especially in male adolescent offspring. In adults, sex is the main effect. These data highlight the need to further explore the therapeutic potential of apelin/APJR, especially for sex-dependent effects.</p>

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Sex-related expression of apelin/APJ in the adolescent and adult rat offspring exposed to maternal peripartum depression

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月28日

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  • Jagoda Kruszewska,
  • Katarzyna Czarzasta,
  • Karol Momot,
  • Elizabeth M. Sajdel-Sulkowska

摘要

Introduction

Maternal Peripartum Depression (MPD) has been linked to health-related complications in offspring. We found that MPD induced in rat dams led to depressive-like behavior and cardiovascular changes in their offspring. Independently, the apelin/APJR system, composed of apelin and its receptor APJ (APJR), is widely expressed and plays a vital role in brain and heart health. Given the potential health impacts, we studied apelin and APJR mRNA expression in offspring of MPD-exposed Sprague-Dawley rat dams compared to controls.

Methods and results

The mRNA expression of apelin and the APJR was assessed in the cerebellum, medulla oblongata, and left ventricle collected from adolescents (postnatal day 48) and adults (postnatal day 225) offspring from MPD-exposed (male SOM; female SOF) and control dams (male COM, female COF). Results showed a significant interaction between MDP and sex in mRNA apelin expression in the medulla oblongata of adolescent offspring. Specifically, adolescent COM had higher apelin mRNA expression than adolescent SOM and adolescent COF in the medulla oblongata. Furthermore, MDP decreased apelin and APJR mRNA expression in the cerebellum and left ventricle in adolescent offspring. However, adult males had higher apelin mRNA expression in the medulla oblongata and left ventricle and lower APJR mRNA expression in the left ventricle.

Conclusions

Our results demonstrate a significant effect of MPD on apelin/APJR mRNA expression in the brains and hearts, especially in male adolescent offspring. In adults, sex is the main effect. These data highlight the need to further explore the therapeutic potential of apelin/APJR, especially for sex-dependent effects.