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Background <p>Growth traits are critical determinants of productivity and profitability in sheep breeding programs. The Insulin-like growth factor-1 (<i>IGF-1</i>) gene plays a key role in regulating growth, metabolism, and carcass traits. The genetic analysis of <i>IGF-1</i> genetic polymorphism, circulating hormone levels and age-specific gene expression at different growth stages in Muzaffarnagari sheep has not been previously reported. The present study was designed to analyze <i>IGF-1</i> polymorphism, plasma <i>IGF-1</i> concentration and gene expression pattern across different age groups in Muzaffarnagari sheep breed.</p> Methods and results <p>Genotyping of IGF-1 gene was carried out using high resolution melting (HRM) analysis and revealed three genotypes in the population. The percent distribution of AA, AB and BB genotypes were 91.6%, 6.3% and 2.1%, respectively. The plasma IGF-1 concentration was measured by ELISA at various age groups such as 3 months, 9 months, and adults (&gt; 18 months). The least squares means of plasma IGF1 concentration was 7.76, 9.63 and 12.69 ng/mL at 3, 9 months of age and adults, respectively, which was significantly higher (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05) in adults. Gene expression analysis was carried out using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which provides a reliable source for assessing the endocrine-related transcriptional activity. The m-RNA expression pattern of IGF-1 at 3, 9 months and adult age groups had 1.867, 3.052 and 1.701-fold as compared to the control.</p> Conclusion <p>The IGF plays a significant role in growth regulation during multiple development stages in sheep, however, it required to understand the role of <i>IGF-1</i> at cellular level as well establish the association with production performance <i>in-vivo</i>. Overall, the present study provides novel insights into the genetic polymorphism, endocrine, and transcriptional regulation of <i>IGF-1</i> gene in Muzaffarnagari sheep with implications for marker-assisted selection in growth-oriented breeding programs.</p>

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Genotypic and expression analysis of the insulin- like growth factor (IGF-1) gene across growth stages in indigenous sheep

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月2日

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  • Shilpa Mahajan,
  • Gopal Dass,
  • Rishikesh Shukla,
  • Rakesh Kaushik

摘要

Background

Growth traits are critical determinants of productivity and profitability in sheep breeding programs. The Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) gene plays a key role in regulating growth, metabolism, and carcass traits. The genetic analysis of IGF-1 genetic polymorphism, circulating hormone levels and age-specific gene expression at different growth stages in Muzaffarnagari sheep has not been previously reported. The present study was designed to analyze IGF-1 polymorphism, plasma IGF-1 concentration and gene expression pattern across different age groups in Muzaffarnagari sheep breed.

Methods and results

Genotyping of IGF-1 gene was carried out using high resolution melting (HRM) analysis and revealed three genotypes in the population. The percent distribution of AA, AB and BB genotypes were 91.6%, 6.3% and 2.1%, respectively. The plasma IGF-1 concentration was measured by ELISA at various age groups such as 3 months, 9 months, and adults (> 18 months). The least squares means of plasma IGF1 concentration was 7.76, 9.63 and 12.69 ng/mL at 3, 9 months of age and adults, respectively, which was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in adults. Gene expression analysis was carried out using peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), which provides a reliable source for assessing the endocrine-related transcriptional activity. The m-RNA expression pattern of IGF-1 at 3, 9 months and adult age groups had 1.867, 3.052 and 1.701-fold as compared to the control.

Conclusion

The IGF plays a significant role in growth regulation during multiple development stages in sheep, however, it required to understand the role of IGF-1 at cellular level as well establish the association with production performance in-vivo. Overall, the present study provides novel insights into the genetic polymorphism, endocrine, and transcriptional regulation of IGF-1 gene in Muzaffarnagari sheep with implications for marker-assisted selection in growth-oriented breeding programs.