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Background <p>This study aimed to evaluate the wound-healing potential of <i>Pectinodesmus javanensis</i> extract (PJE) in dermal fibroblasts, with particular emphasis on extracellular matrix (ECM) regeneration mediated by the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD signaling pathway.</p> Methods and Results <p>The phytochemical profile of PJE was assessed by total phenolic and flavonoid contents and DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities. PJE contained 1.5&#xa0;mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry matter (DM) of phenolics and 4.1&#xa0;µg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g DM of flavonoids, with DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities of 32.5% and 34.6%. PJE inhibited collagenase and elastase activities by 79.3% and 77.4%, comparable to lutein (78.9% and 77.3%), and enhanced fibroblast migration by 51.8% in scratch-wound assays, while lutein increased migration by 60.3%. These effects were associated with improved cellular organization, evidenced by increased fluorescence intensities of DAPI (31.2% and 30.1%), ZO-1 (21.6% and 13.4%), and F-actin (16.9% and 11.1%). At the molecular level, PJE upregulated TGF-β, SMAD2/3, and COL1A1 while suppressing MMP-1 expression by 58.3%, whereas lutein reduced MMP-1 by 65.7%.</p> Conclusion <p>PJE promotes fibroblast migration and regulates ECM-related factors in vitro via the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway. These findings support the potential use of <i>Pectinodesmus javanensis</i>–derived compounds, including lutein, as functional ingredients for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications in skin regeneration.</p>

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Skin wound healing effects of Pectinodesmus javanensis extract through activation of TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月24日

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  • Jong Hyun Oh,
  • Min Ho Han,
  • Youn Seon Hwang,
  • Do Hyun Jin,
  • Jin Woo Kim

摘要

Background

This study aimed to evaluate the wound-healing potential of Pectinodesmus javanensis extract (PJE) in dermal fibroblasts, with particular emphasis on extracellular matrix (ECM) regeneration mediated by the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β)/SMAD signaling pathway.

Methods and Results

The phytochemical profile of PJE was assessed by total phenolic and flavonoid contents and DPPH and ABTS radical-scavenging activities. PJE contained 1.5 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/g dry matter (DM) of phenolics and 4.1 µg quercetin equivalents (QE)/g DM of flavonoids, with DPPH and ABTS scavenging activities of 32.5% and 34.6%. PJE inhibited collagenase and elastase activities by 79.3% and 77.4%, comparable to lutein (78.9% and 77.3%), and enhanced fibroblast migration by 51.8% in scratch-wound assays, while lutein increased migration by 60.3%. These effects were associated with improved cellular organization, evidenced by increased fluorescence intensities of DAPI (31.2% and 30.1%), ZO-1 (21.6% and 13.4%), and F-actin (16.9% and 11.1%). At the molecular level, PJE upregulated TGF-β, SMAD2/3, and COL1A1 while suppressing MMP-1 expression by 58.3%, whereas lutein reduced MMP-1 by 65.7%.

Conclusion

PJE promotes fibroblast migration and regulates ECM-related factors in vitro via the TGF-β/SMAD signaling pathway. These findings support the potential use of Pectinodesmus javanensis–derived compounds, including lutein, as functional ingredients for cosmetic and pharmaceutical applications in skin regeneration.