<p>The urgent challenge of ensuring global food security is intensifying due to climate-driven increases in abiotic stresses, primarily heat, drought, and salinity, that severely restrict wheat growth and productivity. Wheat, as a staple for more than 2.5&#xa0;billion people, is highly vulnerable to these stresses, which disrupt morpho-anatomical, physiological, biochemical, and molecular processes. Warming trends threaten to further decrease wheat yields, with combined stresses causing biochemical imbalances, growth inhibition, and significant yield losses. Drought impacts wheat at all developmental stages, reducing biomass, seed number, and overall yield through osmotic and oxidative stress, while salinity hampers water uptake, induces ion toxicity, and damages photosynthetic efficiency. Heat stress (HS), particularly during reproduction, leads to poor grain filling and increased sterility. Plants employ adaptive strategies, such as enhanced antioxidant defenses, osmotic adjustment, hormonal regulation, and complex changes to root and shoot architecture to mitigate these effects. Despite advances in conventional breeding, molecular breeding, and gene editing, breeding for combined stress tolerance remains challenging due to the distinct and overlapping physiological pathways involved. Future research priorities include dissecting the molecular basis of combined stress responses, pyramiding stress-resilient traits from wild and halophytic relatives, and promoting integrated field management strategies. Ultimately, a multidisciplinary approach, combining genomics, biotechnology, field-level evaluation, and agronomic innovation is essential for the sustainable enhancement of wheat resilience and productivity in a rapidly changing climate.</p>