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Background <p>Cotton (<i>Gossypium hirsutum</i> L.) yield is threatened by heat stress that impair pollen development and reduce reproductive success.</p> Objectives <p>This study aimed to identify tolerant genotypes by integrating physiological screening with molecular analysis of key pollen development genes.</p> Materials and methods <p>Twenty cotton genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates at the research area of MNS-University of Agriculture Multan under normal and heat stress conditions for two consecutive years. Physiological parameters including 2,3,5 triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC), acetocarmine-based pollen viability and relative cell membrane thermo-stability were measured to assess heat tolerance and sensitive genotypes.</p> Results <p>Heat tolerant genotypes including UAM-20, FH-492, MNH-1035 and Cyto-177 exhibited higher pollen viability and reduced cell membrane injury under heat stress. Whereas, FH-901, CIM-448, JS-212 and CRIS-5&#xa0;A were identified as heat sensitive genotypes due to low pollen viability and higher cell membrane injury. Expression analysis of <i>GhADF7</i> and <i>GhFLA14</i> through RT-PCR demonstrated differential expression between heat tolerant and sensitive genotypes.</p> Discussion <p>Tolerant genotypes showed higher expression of both genes under heat stress as compared to the sensitive genotypes. These results suggest that integration of physiological screening and gene expression profiling provides a reliable approach to screen heat tolerant genotypes and highlights <i>GhADF7</i> and <i>GhFLA14</i> as key factors enabling reproductive thermotolerance.</p>

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Understanding the heat stress mitigation mechanisms during pollen development in Gossypium hirsutum L.

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月4日

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  • Rabia Habib,
  • Zulqurnain Khan,
  • Abdel-Halim Ghazy,
  • Shoaib ur Rehman,
  • Kotb A. Attia,
  • Maria Siddique,
  • Sajid Fiaz,
  • Abdullah A. Al-Doss,
  • Muhammad Abu Bakar Saddique,
  • Ummara Waheed

摘要

Background

Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield is threatened by heat stress that impair pollen development and reduce reproductive success.

Objectives

This study aimed to identify tolerant genotypes by integrating physiological screening with molecular analysis of key pollen development genes.

Materials and methods

Twenty cotton genotypes were evaluated in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates at the research area of MNS-University of Agriculture Multan under normal and heat stress conditions for two consecutive years. Physiological parameters including 2,3,5 triphenyl-tetrazolium chloride (TTC), acetocarmine-based pollen viability and relative cell membrane thermo-stability were measured to assess heat tolerance and sensitive genotypes.

Results

Heat tolerant genotypes including UAM-20, FH-492, MNH-1035 and Cyto-177 exhibited higher pollen viability and reduced cell membrane injury under heat stress. Whereas, FH-901, CIM-448, JS-212 and CRIS-5 A were identified as heat sensitive genotypes due to low pollen viability and higher cell membrane injury. Expression analysis of GhADF7 and GhFLA14 through RT-PCR demonstrated differential expression between heat tolerant and sensitive genotypes.

Discussion

Tolerant genotypes showed higher expression of both genes under heat stress as compared to the sensitive genotypes. These results suggest that integration of physiological screening and gene expression profiling provides a reliable approach to screen heat tolerant genotypes and highlights GhADF7 and GhFLA14 as key factors enabling reproductive thermotolerance.