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Background <p>External damage is a significant and treatable cause of cervical insufficiency (CI). This study evaluates a controlled-release drug delivery system combining platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with alginate hydrogel (Alg-PRP) to enhance cervical healing in a rat model.</p> Methods <p>Forty female Wistar rats were assigned to four groups (<i>n</i> = 10): Alg-PRP, PRP, PBS, and healthy control. Cervical injury was induced, and treatments were administered accordingly. Cervical regeneration was assessed using qRT-PCR, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Functional outcomes, including pregnancy rate and number of pups, were also analyzed.</p> Results <p>Alg-PRP hydrogel exhibited a porous structure, minimal toxicity, and sustained growth factor release. VEGF expression was significantly higher in the Alg-PRP group (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001), while MMP9 and TGF-β expression were reduced (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001). Collagen I and III levels were lower (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Masson’s Trichrome staining confirmed reduced fibrosis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01). IHC demonstrated increased epithelial thickness, proliferation (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), and angiogenesis (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.01), alongside decreased fibrosis markers (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001). The Alg-PRP group had the highest pregnancy rate (100%) and greater pup numbers.</p> Conclusion <p>Alg-PRP hydrogel significantly enhances cervical healing and reproductive outcomes, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic for cervical injuries.</p> Graphical Abstract <p>Alg-PRP hydrogel enhances cervical healing by promoting epithelial regeneration, angiogenesis, and smooth muscle restoration while reducing fibrosis and inflammation. It improves reproductive outcomes, highlighting its potential as a biocompatible, controlled-release therapeutic approach for cervical insufficiency and fertility preservation.</p> <p></p>

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Evaluation of cervical healing in a rat model using alginate hydrogel embedded with platelet-rich plasma

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月28日

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  • Elham Ahmadi,
  • Mahya Soleymani Mehranjani,
  • Arya Afrooghe,
  • Anoosheh Zargar,
  • Laleh Vahedi Larijani,
  • Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh,
  • Maryam Kazemi,
  • Masoumeh Majidi Zolbin

摘要

Background

External damage is a significant and treatable cause of cervical insufficiency (CI). This study evaluates a controlled-release drug delivery system combining platelet-rich plasma (PRP) with alginate hydrogel (Alg-PRP) to enhance cervical healing in a rat model.

Methods

Forty female Wistar rats were assigned to four groups (n = 10): Alg-PRP, PRP, PBS, and healthy control. Cervical injury was induced, and treatments were administered accordingly. Cervical regeneration was assessed using qRT-PCR, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Functional outcomes, including pregnancy rate and number of pups, were also analyzed.

Results

Alg-PRP hydrogel exhibited a porous structure, minimal toxicity, and sustained growth factor release. VEGF expression was significantly higher in the Alg-PRP group (p < 0.001), while MMP9 and TGF-β expression were reduced (p < 0.0001, p < 0.001). Collagen I and III levels were lower (p < 0.001, p < 0.05). Masson’s Trichrome staining confirmed reduced fibrosis (p < 0.01). IHC demonstrated increased epithelial thickness, proliferation (p < 0.001, p < 0.0001), and angiogenesis (p < 0.01), alongside decreased fibrosis markers (p < 0.0001). The Alg-PRP group had the highest pregnancy rate (100%) and greater pup numbers.

Conclusion

Alg-PRP hydrogel significantly enhances cervical healing and reproductive outcomes, highlighting its potential as a novel therapeutic for cervical injuries.

Graphical Abstract

Alg-PRP hydrogel enhances cervical healing by promoting epithelial regeneration, angiogenesis, and smooth muscle restoration while reducing fibrosis and inflammation. It improves reproductive outcomes, highlighting its potential as a biocompatible, controlled-release therapeutic approach for cervical insufficiency and fertility preservation.