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Background <p>The Limida, as a unique group within the Pteriomorphia, exhibits numerous adaptive evolutionary features, such as shell reduction, developed tentacles, autotomy mechanisms, and foot rotation. These traits enable Limids to possess high mobility and complex behavioral patterns. However, molecular systematics research on Limida is currently lacking, and the limited genomic resources available for Limida have led to an unclear classification within the Pteriomorphia infraclass.</p> Methods and results <p>To address this, the present study utilized high-throughput sequencing to assemble the mitochondrial genome of <i>Limaria fragilis</i> and compared it with other bivalve genomes. The genome is circular, double-stranded, and 20,700&#xa0;bp in size, containing 12 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 23 tRNA genes. Analysis of the mitogenome revealed a relatively high AT content compared with the GC content and a significant preference for synonymous codons in the protein-coding genes. Gene rearrangement revealed significant variability between the genera <i>Limaria</i> and <i>Lima</i>. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear (18S and 28S) and mitochondrial genomic data indicated strong support for the monophyly of Limida, with a sister relationship to the superfamily Pectinoidea.</p> Conclusions <p>This study not only provides new mitogenomic data for Limida but also lays a foundation for further clarifying its phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary processes within the Pteriomorphia.</p>

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The mitogenome of a swimming-behavior file shell reveals the phylogenetic relationships of Limida (Bivalvia: Pteriomorphia)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月24日

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  • Yu Zhang,
  • Minghua Sun,
  • Yu Sun,
  • Qi Li,
  • Yi Yang

摘要

Background

The Limida, as a unique group within the Pteriomorphia, exhibits numerous adaptive evolutionary features, such as shell reduction, developed tentacles, autotomy mechanisms, and foot rotation. These traits enable Limids to possess high mobility and complex behavioral patterns. However, molecular systematics research on Limida is currently lacking, and the limited genomic resources available for Limida have led to an unclear classification within the Pteriomorphia infraclass.

Methods and results

To address this, the present study utilized high-throughput sequencing to assemble the mitochondrial genome of Limaria fragilis and compared it with other bivalve genomes. The genome is circular, double-stranded, and 20,700 bp in size, containing 12 protein-coding genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and 23 tRNA genes. Analysis of the mitogenome revealed a relatively high AT content compared with the GC content and a significant preference for synonymous codons in the protein-coding genes. Gene rearrangement revealed significant variability between the genera Limaria and Lima. Phylogenetic analyses based on nuclear (18S and 28S) and mitochondrial genomic data indicated strong support for the monophyly of Limida, with a sister relationship to the superfamily Pectinoidea.

Conclusions

This study not only provides new mitogenomic data for Limida but also lays a foundation for further clarifying its phylogenetic relationships and evolutionary processes within the Pteriomorphia.