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Background <p><i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> species cause life-threatening infections due to carbapenem resistance genes and various virulence factors, especially biofilm formation. Association between biofilm capacity and carbapenemase encoding genes in ninety-two <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> isolated from Eskişehir Yunus Emre State Hospital, Turkey were investigated in the present study.</p> Methods and results <p>Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect carbapenemase encoding genes (<i>bla</i><sub>OXA-48</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>IMP</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>KPC</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>NDM</sub>), virulence factor encoding genes (<i>iutA</i>,<i> iucC</i>,<i> cnf-1</i>,<i> iroN</i>,<i> hlyA</i>), and biofilm-associated (<i>luxS</i>,<i> mrkA</i>,<i> wzm</i>,<i> wbbM</i>) genes. Phenotypic characterization of biofilm formation was quantified with spectrophotometric microplate method. The most prevalent carbapenemase genes were <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-48</sub> (56.5%) and <i>bla</i><sub>IMP</sub> (44.6%). Biofilm production was observed in 80.4% of isolates, with 92.5% of strong biofilm producers carrying the <i>mrkA</i> gene. The most frequently detected biofilm-related gene was <i>luxS</i> (79.3%). Significant associations were found between <i>bla</i><sub>KPC</sub> and biofilm formation. A strong correlation was also observed between <i>mrkA</i> and <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-48</sub>, <i>bla</i><sub>IMP</sub>, and <i>bla</i><sub>KPC</sub>. Additionally, statistically significant relationships were determined between iutA and the presence of <i>bla</i><sub>OXA-48</sub> and <i>bla</i><sub>IMP</sub>.</p> Conclusion <p>The coexistence of carbapenemase genes, biofilm-forming ability and different virulence factors in <i>K. pneumoniae</i> isolates poses a significant clinical threat. Enhanced surveillance and molecular monitoring considering coexistence of various virulence factors are crucial for combating with multidrug-resistant strains.</p>

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Associations between carbapenemase genes, biofilm formation, and virulence factors in clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from Türkiye

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月3日

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  • Aybala Temel,
  • Elif Aydın,
  • Mustafa Kocaağa

摘要

Background

Klebsiella pneumoniae species cause life-threatening infections due to carbapenem resistance genes and various virulence factors, especially biofilm formation. Association between biofilm capacity and carbapenemase encoding genes in ninety-two Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from Eskişehir Yunus Emre State Hospital, Turkey were investigated in the present study.

Methods and results

Polymerase chain reaction was used to detect carbapenemase encoding genes (blaOXA-48, blaIMP, blaKPC, blaNDM), virulence factor encoding genes (iutA, iucC, cnf-1, iroN, hlyA), and biofilm-associated (luxS, mrkA, wzm, wbbM) genes. Phenotypic characterization of biofilm formation was quantified with spectrophotometric microplate method. The most prevalent carbapenemase genes were blaOXA-48 (56.5%) and blaIMP (44.6%). Biofilm production was observed in 80.4% of isolates, with 92.5% of strong biofilm producers carrying the mrkA gene. The most frequently detected biofilm-related gene was luxS (79.3%). Significant associations were found between blaKPC and biofilm formation. A strong correlation was also observed between mrkA and blaOXA-48, blaIMP, and blaKPC. Additionally, statistically significant relationships were determined between iutA and the presence of blaOXA-48 and blaIMP.

Conclusion

The coexistence of carbapenemase genes, biofilm-forming ability and different virulence factors in K. pneumoniae isolates poses a significant clinical threat. Enhanced surveillance and molecular monitoring considering coexistence of various virulence factors are crucial for combating with multidrug-resistant strains.