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Background <p>Lumpy skin disease (LSD) and Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) are two transboundary diseases that have affected Indian livestock and the livelihoods of dependent farmers at various times.</p> Methods and results <p>In the present investigation, we document an outbreak in a cattle herd consisting of six animals in Meghalaya, which were affected by both lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) and Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Diagnosis was based on clinical signs as well as molecular confirmation using World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH)-recommended PCR protocols and sequencing of the resulting amplicons. Out of the six animals, two were found to be co-infected with both LSDV and FMDV. Molecular epidemiological analysis, based on the phylogeny of the <i>p32</i> and <i>VP1</i> regions of LSDV and FMDV, respectively, from a representative co-infected animal, revealed that LSDV clustered within the cluster 1.2 wild-type strains, whereas FMDV grouped with the recently emerged novel lineage A/ASIA/G-18/2019.</p> Conclusion <p>This study provides the first confirmed report of co-infection with LSDV and FMDV in India.</p> Trial registration number <p>Not applicable.</p>

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First report of lumpy skin disease and foot-and-mouth disease co-infection in India

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月7日

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  • Kandhan Srinivas,
  • Samir Das,
  • Sabia Khan,
  • Pebam Chandrima Devi,
  • Sandeep Ghatak,
  • Arockiasamy Arun Prince Milton

摘要

Background

Lumpy skin disease (LSD) and Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) are two transboundary diseases that have affected Indian livestock and the livelihoods of dependent farmers at various times.

Methods and results

In the present investigation, we document an outbreak in a cattle herd consisting of six animals in Meghalaya, which were affected by both lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) and Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Diagnosis was based on clinical signs as well as molecular confirmation using World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH)-recommended PCR protocols and sequencing of the resulting amplicons. Out of the six animals, two were found to be co-infected with both LSDV and FMDV. Molecular epidemiological analysis, based on the phylogeny of the p32 and VP1 regions of LSDV and FMDV, respectively, from a representative co-infected animal, revealed that LSDV clustered within the cluster 1.2 wild-type strains, whereas FMDV grouped with the recently emerged novel lineage A/ASIA/G-18/2019.

Conclusion

This study provides the first confirmed report of co-infection with LSDV and FMDV in India.

Trial registration number

Not applicable.