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Background <p>Understanding the ecological and genetic characteristics of narrowly distributed species like <i>Pteris dentata</i> is crucial for effective conservation planning. <i>P. dentata</i>, a narrowly distributed fern species that prefers moist, shaded environments, is threatened by habitat degradation associated with urban expansion, climate change, and invasive species—highlighting the urgent need for its conservation.</p> Methods and results <p>This study investigated genetic diversity, landscape genetics, adaptive potential, and the landscape adaptive index in two northern Iranian populations of <i>P. dentata</i>. Despite overall low genetic diversity, the populations exhibited significant differentiation in genetic composition and morpho-anatomical traits, primarily shaped by spatial factors. Patterns of isolation by distance (IBD) and isolation by environment (IBE) were both detected. Variation in adaptive potential and the landscape adaptive index indicated population-specific responses to environmental and climatic stressors. Advanced modeling techniques, including Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Random Forest (RF), revealed complex relationships among environmental, climatic, edaphic, and genetic variables influencing adaptation.</p> Conclusions <p> Species distribution modeling predicts a substantial decline in suitable habitat for <i>P. dentata</i> in Iran by 2050, driven by climate change—emphasizing the need for proactive conservation strategies.</p>

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Gene-ecological studies of critically isolated fern Pteris dentata Forssk.: genetic diversity, environmental adaptation, and future distribution modeling (SDM)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月25日

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  • Masoud Sheidai,
  • Maedeh Alaeifar,
  • Fahimeh Koohdar,
  • Raheleh Tabaripour

摘要

Background

Understanding the ecological and genetic characteristics of narrowly distributed species like Pteris dentata is crucial for effective conservation planning. P. dentata, a narrowly distributed fern species that prefers moist, shaded environments, is threatened by habitat degradation associated with urban expansion, climate change, and invasive species—highlighting the urgent need for its conservation.

Methods and results

This study investigated genetic diversity, landscape genetics, adaptive potential, and the landscape adaptive index in two northern Iranian populations of P. dentata. Despite overall low genetic diversity, the populations exhibited significant differentiation in genetic composition and morpho-anatomical traits, primarily shaped by spatial factors. Patterns of isolation by distance (IBD) and isolation by environment (IBE) were both detected. Variation in adaptive potential and the landscape adaptive index indicated population-specific responses to environmental and climatic stressors. Advanced modeling techniques, including Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) and Random Forest (RF), revealed complex relationships among environmental, climatic, edaphic, and genetic variables influencing adaptation.

Conclusions

Species distribution modeling predicts a substantial decline in suitable habitat for P. dentata in Iran by 2050, driven by climate change—emphasizing the need for proactive conservation strategies.